英国文学史简答题.docVIP

1.乔叟对文学的贡献 （1）.Chaucer introduce the heroic couplet. (2)Chaucer greatly contributed to the founding of the english literary language,the basis of which was formed by the london dialect,so profusely used by the poet. 2.Sonnet? A fourteen-line lyric poem, usually written in rhymed iambic pentameter. A sonnet generally expresses a single theme or idea. Two types: Italian sonnet Shakespeare sonnet. Italian sonnet: an octave and a sestet; rhyme scheme is abbaabba cdecde Shakespeare sonnet: 3 quatrains and a concluding couplet; rhyme scheme is ababbcbc cdcdee. 3.Blank verse: Verse written in unrhymed iambic pentameter. The verse form used in some of the greatest English poetry, including that of W. Shakespeare and John Milton. The major achievements in English blank verse were made by William Shakespeare, who wrote much of the content of his plays in unrhymed iambic pentameter, Milton, whose Paradise Lost is written in blank verse. 4. Dramatic monologue Dramatic monologue does not designate a component in a play, but a type of lyric poem that was perfected by Robert Browning. In its fullest form, the dramatic monologue has the following features: (1)a single person, who is patently not the poet, utters the speech that makes up the whole of the poem, in a specific situation at a critical moment; (2)this person addresses and interacts with one or more other people; but we know of the auditors’ presence, and what they say and do, only from clues in the discourse of the single speaker; (3)the main principle controlling the poet’s formulation of what the lyric speaker says is to reveal to the reader, in a way that enhances its interest, the speaker’s temperament and character. 5.Shakespear 的写作时期和特点 A. The Comedies of the First Period (a) the Key-Note of the Comedies: When Shakespeare wrote these comedies, he was still young. In them he portrayed young people just freed from the feudal fetters. He sang of their youth, love and ideals of happiness. The victory of their hum