医学论文摘要各部分常用句型.doc

英文摘要常用句型： Background：介绍研究背景，简述该研究现状或面临的问题。 常用句型： It has been reported that…. There are few reports on … It is a challenge to … …be unknown/ remains unclear/ is undertermined/ deserve further research. There is some controversy on … 例句： There is an increased emphasis on benchmaking of trauma mortality outcomes as a measure of quantity. Little information is available about the effect of music on the operating room staff. It has been reported that spiral CT is used for the diagnosis of colorectal; carcinoma. The relative merits of alternative assay based on the identification of tumor specific mRNA markers deserve further assessment. Objective: 表述研究目的，主要说明作者写作此文的目的，或本文主要解决的问题。避免在摘要的第一句话重复使用题目或题目的一部分To determine the incidence of To investigate the safety and efficacy of To explore a new (effective, promising) method to To develop an applicable technique to To observe/clarify/examine We present/discuss/ report/ describe/ study/ review/ investigate/determine… 例句： To evaluate (assess) the spiral CT (SCT) in the preoperative staging of colorectal carcinomas. To explore the role of optic nerve ultrasound in the treatment of head injury To investigate the sociodemographic, phychosocial, behavioural and emotional risk factors associated with self-reported major injury. To identify risk factors for failed war management. Methods: 说明研究对象，处理方法，持续时间等。 参与对象：… be involved/enrolled/included/registered; 表示分组：…randomized into/ randomly divided into… 用什么治疗方法：be done/performed/carried out/conducted/used/ employed/applied/ adopted; patients underwent/received… 表时间：From January 1995 to December 2000, during the past/previous 10 years. At 2 h, 4 h, 6 h, 8 h after operation/ at the postoperative 2 h, 4 h, 6 h and 8 h; before operation, in 3-month follow-up; before/after injury; at the different time points; on days 2, 4, 6 and 10 after operation. 表示研究方法: prospective study前瞻性研究, retrospective study回顾性研究, prospective study, 单/双盲交叉研究single-/double- blind, cross-over study, 双盲控制性研究r