法律英语汇.docVIP

法律英语 郭小轩 Cloze There are three different major legal systems in the world today. Civil law is the most widespread system of law in the world. It is also sometimes known as Continental European law. Common law and equity are systems of law whose sources are the decisions in cases by judges. Religious law refers to the notion of a religious system or document being used as a legal source, though the methodology used varies A court is a tribunal established by government to hear and 1（decide） matters properly brought before it, to give redress to the injured or enforce punishment 2（against） wrongdoers, and to prevent wrongs. A court of record is 3（one） in which the proceedings are preserved in an official record. In a court not of record the 4（proceedings） are not officially recorded. Each court is empowered to decide certain types or 5（classes） of cases. This power is called jurisdiction. A court may have original or appellate jurisdiction, or both. A court 6(with) original jurisdiction has the authority to hear a controversy when it is first brought into 7(court) . A court having appellate jurisdiction, on the other hand, has authority to review the judgment of an inferior court. The jurisdiction of a court may be general, as distinguished 8(from) limited or special. A court having general jurisdiction has power to hear and decide all controversies involving 9(legal) rights and duties, A court of limited or special jurisdiction has authority to hear and decide only those cases that fall 10(within) a particular class, such as cases in which the amounts 11(are) below a specified sum. Courts are frequently classified in terms12(of) the nature of their jurisdiction. A criminal court is 13(one) that is established for the trial of crimes, which are regarded 14(as)offenses against the public. A civil court, on the other hand, is authorized to hear and decide issues15(in