2017_2018学年高中英语专题Unit3Lifeinthefuture3试题含解析新人教版必修5.docVIP

Unit 3 Life in the future 3.3 Grammar Writing Grammar: 过去分词作 过去分词作状语，进一步说明谓语动词的动作和状态，即动作发生时的背景或状况。其逻辑主语通常是句子的主语，且与主语之间构成逻辑上的“动宾关系”或在逻辑上构成“系表结构”。过去分词短语在句中担任条件状语，原因状语以及时间状语时，通常放在句首；担任伴随状语或结果状语时，通常放在句末；担任方式状语时，一般位于句末，有时也可位于句首；担任让步状语时，一般位于句首，有时也可位于句末。 一、过去分词担任状语时的语法功能 1. 原因状语 ?Caught in a heavy rain，he was all wet．因为淋了一场大雨，所以他全身湿透了。 ?Frightened by the noise in the night，the girl didn’t dare sleep in her room． 被夜晚的响声惊吓，那姑娘不敢睡在她的房间里了。 2. 时间状语 ?Asked why he did it，the monitor said it was his duty．当被问及为何要做这件事时，班长说这是他的职责。 ?Approached in the dark the bulbs looked lonely and purposeless．在黑暗走近时，那些电灯显得孤单而无意义。 3. 条件状语和假设状语 ?Grown in rich soil，these seeds can grow fast．如果种在肥沃的土壤里，这些种子能长得很快。 ?Given better attention，the accident could have been avoided．要是多加注意，那次事故就可以避免了。 4. 方式或伴随状语 ?Surrounded by his students，the professor sat there cheerfully．那位教授在学生们的簇拥下，兴高采烈地坐在那儿。 ?He stood there silently，moved to tears．他静静地站在那里，被感动得热泪盈眶。 5. 让步状语 ?Beaten by the police，sent to jail，Gandhi invented the principle of nonviolent resistance． 尽管受警察的殴打，被投入监牢，甘地却首创了非暴力抵抗的原则。 ?Defeated again，we did not lose heart．尽管再次被击败，但我们没有灰心。 6. 独立成分(插入语) ?Given good weather，our ship will reach Shanghai Monday evening． 假如天气好，我们的船将于星期一晚上到达上海。 ?Put frankly，I don’t agree with what he said．坦白地说，我不同意他所说的话。 二、与状语从句的相互转换 1. 过去分词短语作时间状语，可转换为when，while或after等引导的状语从句。 ?Seen from the top of the hill，the park looks more beautiful． →When it is seen from the top of the hill，the park looks more beautiful． 从山上往下看，这座公园看起来更加漂亮。 2. 作条件状语，可转换为if，once或unless等引导的状语从句。 ?Given more time，she would certainly have done much better． →If she had been given more time，she would certainly have done much better． 如果有更多时间的话，她一定会干得更好些。 3. 作原因状语，可转换为as，since或because等引导的状语从句。 ?The children，exhausted，fell asleep at once． →As the children were exhausted they fell asleep at once． 由于劳累，孩子们很快就睡着了。 4. 作让步状语，可转换为although，though或even if等引导的状语从句。 ?Although exhausted by the climb，we continued our journey． →Althoug