Linux字符设备驱动毕业论文.doc

本科毕业论文 (科研训练、毕业设计) 题 目：Linux字符设备驱动 姓 名： 学 院：软件学院 系： 专 业：软件工程 年 级： 学 号： 指导教师（校内）： 职称： 指导教师（校外）： 职称： 年月摘 要 关键词I2C；实时时钟；交叉编译。  Abstract Device drivers take on a special role in the Linux kernel; they hide completely the details of how the device works. User activities are performed by means of a set of standardized calls that are independent of the specific driver; mapping those calls to device-specific operations that act on real hardware is then the role of the device driver. This programming interface is such that drivers can be built separately from the rest of the kernel and plugged in at runtime when needed. This modularity makes Linux drivers easy to write, easy to modify. Through an instance of realizing a modularized driver of the RTC device in the embedded Linux, this paper analyzes the function mechanism of the char device driver in detail, and pay more attention on the key process during the development of the Linux char device drivers, including the basic char device driver, the i2c bus driver, the device bottom operation and so on. The paper also presents the whole debug and development process with the cross compile method Key words: char device; device driver; I2C; RTC; cross compile.  目 录 第1章 引 言 1 1.1 Linux 简介 1 1.2 设备驱动 1 1.3 Linux驱动 2 1.4 选题背景 3 第2章 字符设备驱动框架 4 2.1 注册设备文件 4 2.1.1 设备号 4 2.1.2 注册设备号 4 2.1.3 释放设备号 5 2.1.4 创建设备节点 5 2.2 内核设备注册 6 2.3 设备操作索引 6 2.4 设备操作函数 7 2.4.1 Open() 7 2.4.2 Release() 7 2.4.3 Read() 7 2.4.4 Write() 8 2.4.5 ioctl() 8 第3章 设计与实现 9 3.1 设计思路 9 3.1.1 设计目标 9 3.1.2 解决方案 9 3.1.3 最终方案 9 3.1.4 细节 10 3.1.5 数据流图 10 3.2 I2C总线驱动 11 3.2.1 I2C背景 11 3.2.2 传输格式 11 3.2.3 标志位 START STOP 12 3.2.4 响应 13 3.2.5 传输流图 13 3.2.6 引脚地址 14 3.2.7 电平设置 14 3.2.8 引脚初始化 15 3.2.9 I2C写数据 15 3.2.10 写入从机地址 16 3.2.11 I2C读数据 16 3.3 RTC设备驱动 17 3.3.1 从机地址 17 3.3.2 设备数据地址 18 3.3.3 数据编码 18 3.3.4 读寄存器数据 19 3.3.5 写寄存器数据 19 3.3.6 读取时间 19 3.3.7 设置时间 20 第4章 编译调试 21 4.1 交叉编译 21 4.2 模块Makefile设计 21 4.3 测试设计