基于侧窗形式的重庆地区高校普通教室天然采光研究——以重庆大学为例-study on natural lighting of ordinary classrooms in colleges and universities in chongqing based on side windows —— taking chongqing university as an example.docx
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基于侧窗形式的重庆地区高校普通教室天然采光研究——以重庆大学为例-study on natural lighting of ordinary classrooms in colleges and universities in chongqing based on side windows —— taking chongqing university as an example
摘要随着建筑业的发展,我国建筑能耗呈逐年快速增长的趋势,建设低能耗建筑已成为当下发展趋势,众所周知,照明能耗是建筑能耗的一部分,在建筑中充分利用天然光可有效地降低照明能耗。而对于教室使用者来说,天然光占有相当重要的地位,相比人工照明,天然采光不仅可以改善室内光舒适度,同时对提高师生的学习和工作积极性都有重要意义。本文以重庆地区高校教室为研究对象,在论述教室自然采光的重要性以及研究意义之后,基于重庆地区标准年气象数据资料,研究重庆光气候特点,并以此为基础,结合《建筑采光设计标准(GB 50033-2013)》对重庆教学建筑进行现场测量和调研,在分析调研结果后总结目前教室存在的采光问题。针对这些问题,以教室侧窗为研究点,结合重庆地区光气候资料,采用软件Desktop Radiance 模拟,对窗地比、玻璃透光率、侧窗高度、侧窗形状、侧窗排列方式和采光构件等影响教室侧窗采光的主要特性参数进行分析模拟,获得出这些参数与室内天然光质量的关系。并进一步对这些参数进行量化分析,研究教室侧窗采光的优化设计方案。最终提出一套适合重庆地区教室侧窗采光的设计策略。论文主要的研究工作和结论有:①通过实地调研和测量,提出目前重庆地区教室采光存在的主要问题;②基于重庆地区标准年气象数据,通过辐射光当量模型获取重庆地区光气候资料,并利用重庆地区光气候资料与重庆地区(V类区)天然采光室外设计照度值进行比较,得出重庆地区实际室外照度值在部分月份低于V类光气候区设计照度值,应根据重庆地区光气候特征进行修正;③通过Desktop Radiance 模拟研究侧窗采光影响因素与室内采光质量的关系,得出重庆地区教室采光增设采光构件能有效改善采光质量;④通过进一步优化分析教室采光口与采光质量之间的关系,最终提出一套适合重庆地区教室侧窗采光的实施策略。关键词:设计照度,教学建筑,自然采光,侧窗ABSTRACTWiththedevelopmentofconstruction,thebuildingenergyconsumptionpresents growingfasteryearbyyear.Developinglow-energybuildinghasbecomethecurrent trend.Asweknow,lightingenergyconsumptionisapartofbuildingenergy consumption.Somakingfulluseofdaylightingcaneffectivelyreducelightingenergy consumption.Fortheusersofclassrooms,daylightingoccupiesanimportantposition. Comparing withlighting,daylightingcanimprovethecomfortlevel,atthesametime,it is helpful for improvingthe efficiencyof teachersand students.ThisthesisregardstheordinaryclassroominChongqingasthemainresearch object.Afterdiscussingtheessentialityofdaylightinginclassrooms,theauthorstudy daylightclimateofChongqingthroughtheanalysisofstandardmeteorologicaldatain Chongqing,Basedonthis,combiningwithStandardforDaylightingDesignof Buildings(GB50033-2013),thethesisindicatestheproblemsofdaylightingin classroomthroughfieldresearch, datatestingandanalysisinChongqing.Tosolvethese problems,theauthorusedaylightclimatedateandDesktopRadiancetoanalyzemain characteristicparameters,suchastheAc/Ad,thetransmittanceofglass,theheight,the form,thearrangementandthedaylightingcomponentsofsidewindow,whichcan influencedaylighting,thenconcludestherelationshipbetweenthe
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