一九五八年 5户口登记条例 6出台的 制度背景探析.PDFVIP

2010 9 56 李玉荣 王海光 12 中国当代户籍制度的建立逻辑, 来自于优先发展重工业的国家工业化战略。1956年社会 义改造完成后, 城乡冲突呈现激化态势, 经济建设出现 / 冒进0 势头, 大量农村人口涌入城市, 中央 不得不采取 / 反冒进0 措施紧急刹车。1957 年, 政府推出了严格限制农民进城的措施, 通过户口管 理、粮油供应、劳动用工等行政手段, 建立起了城乡隔离带。1958年 1月, 政府颁布了 5中华人民 共和国户口登记条例6, 把已经形成的城乡二元利益格局用法律形式固化下来。 12 户籍制度; 社会控制; 人口流动; 城乡二元结构 12 F120. 3; D631. 42 12 A 12 1003- 3815(2010) - 09- 0045- 10 On th e In stitu tional B ackground of th e R egu lation s on R esidence R egistration in 1958 L iYurong W angH aiguang A b strac t: he logic for the establishm ent of a household registration system in contem porary Ch ina arose from the national industrialization strategy to give priority to the developm ent of heavy industries. W ith the com pletion of socialist transform ation in 1956 the conflict between urban and rural areas intensified, the econom ic developm ent advanced in a rash m anner and large num bers of rural population poured into cities, the central authorities had to put on the brakes mi m ed iately and take m easures against rash advances. In 1957, the governm ent introduced m easu res to strictly lmi it the farm ers into the city and kept apart the rural from the urban areas through various ad2 m in istrative m eans such as residence m anagem ent, supp ly of grains and ed ible oil and emp loym ent. In January 1958, the governm ent promu lgated the Regu lations of the People. s Republic of Ch ina on ResidenceRegistration, fix ing the u rban2rural dualistic pattern of interestsw ith law. 新中国城乡二元户籍制度是在全面引进苏 走出农村的离心力不断增强; 二是城市的市场 联计划经济体制, 实行重工业优先发展的国家 功能萎缩, 吸纳劳动力的能力大幅度衰减。加 工业化战略中逐步建立起来的, 与统购统销有 上随着社会 义体制的建立而出现的经济 / 冒 着不可分割的联系。/ 一五0 时期, 随着统购统