fracture mechanics 弹塑性力学讲义　英文版　知识介绍.pptVIP

Elementary fracture mechanics (断裂力学基础） 8.1 Introduction （概述） 1．Definition of fracture：It is the process including formation and propagation of the macro-cracks and the fracture of the loaded piece 2．Classification：tenacious fracture and brittle fracture (plastic deformation is more than or less than 5% before fracture) ; over-load fracture (the loading force is more than its strength b) and fatigue fracture (the loading force is much less than its yielding strength s, but in many cycles; about 85% cases are fatigue fracture) 3．Damage：Fracture is one of the three forms of metals failure. (the other two forms are wearing and corrosion) 4．Fracture mechanics：It’s an important branch of solid mechanics, investigating the phenomenon, the laws and the conditions from loading to fracture of the materials. micro-cracks nucleation→propagation→macro-cracks formingdamage mechanics(损伤力学） macro-cracks growing→propagation→metals fracture fracture mechanics（断裂力学） Including linear elastic fracture mechanics and elasto-plastic fracture mechanics. Griffithi brittle fracture mechanics was developed，while tenacious fracture mechanics and damage mechanics of metals are developing. Elementary fracture mechanics 8.2 basic forms of cracks propagating（裂纹扩展的基本类型） Crack Ⅰ(opening): By normal stress , the cracks propagating direction is vertical to the direction of loading stress Crack Ⅱ(slipping)：By shear stress , the cracks propagating direction is parallel to the direction of loading stress Crack Ⅲ (tearing)： By shear stress , the cracks line is parallel to the direction of loading stress [duplicate cracks: Ⅰ+Ⅱ, Ⅰ+ Ⅲ, Ⅱ+ Ⅲ ,Ⅰ+Ⅱ+ Ⅲ, can be solved by super-imposition method] Elementary fracture mechanics 8.3 Stress field at the crack tip(裂纹尖端的应力场） for crackⅠ: while （resolved by Westerguaard stress function） The stress fields of crack Ⅱand crack Ⅲ can be obtained by the same method as s