井下采煤的地表水土流失及植被效应研究——以彬长矿区为例-study on surface soil erosion and vegetation effect of underground coal mining - a case study of binchang mining area.docx

万方数据 Subject : Study on the Effect of Underground Coal Mining on Surface Soil Erosion and Vegetation - Taking Binchang Mining Area as an Example Specialty : Geological Engineering Name : ZHANG Yong (Signature) Instructor : ZHAO Xiao-guang (Signature) ABSTRACT Soil erosion is listed as a main environmental problem in the world and a main type of geological hazard in China. The Loess Plateau is one of the most serious soil erosion areas, and nearly half of the coal mines in Shaanxi, Shanxi and Gansu are distributed in the area. Soil erosion as the main environmental geological issue in coal mining area has posed a serious restrict for the sustainable development of coal mine in the area. In this paper, Binchang mining area in the gully region of the Loess Plateau in the northern Xianyang of Shaanxi, which is the main mining area of Huanglong Coal Base, is regarded as a study area, the gray correlation analysis method is adopted to design the framework of the numerical model including design of the surface slope form and overburden structure of coal seams on the basis of the surface slope morphology and underground mining characteristics through investigation into the geology, mining, soil erosion, soil and plants, and the collection and analysis of the soil and plant samples in the main nine coal mines. Mining thickness, mining depth, surface of the slopes and slope length are regarded as change factors to build the two series with a total of 45 numerical models. FLAC3D is taken as an experimental platform to simulate each numerical model and extract the subsidence and horizontal movement data through the programming. The coal seam thickness of mining (mining thickness) and the depth of mining (mining depth) are selected as the key factors affecting soil erosion on the surface. Influencing law of the mining thickness and mining depth on the morphology and soil erosion of the surface slope is studied. And combined with the plant community characteristics survey of