健康教育干预对精神分裂症病人便秘影响的研究.docVIP

健康教育干预对精神分裂症病人便秘影响的研究 【摘要】[目的]探讨如何减少精神分裂症病人便秘的发生。[方法]将90例精神分裂症病人随机分为对照组和观察组各45例， 对照组采取一般性健康教育，观察组采取多样性健康教育，自行设计知识问卷进行面对面调查，于健康教育前后比较两组知识掌握情况及便秘发生率。[结果]教育后观察组掌握预防便秘相关知识高于对照组(P0.05)，便秘发生率显著低于对照组(P0.01)。[结论]健康教育可改变病人的认知，可有效预防和减少便秘发生，提高病人服药依从性。 【关键词】 精神分裂症;便秘;健康教育Abstract Objective:To probe into how to decrease the occurrence of constipation for schizophrenia patients. Methods:A total of 90 schizophrenia patients were randomly divided into control and observation group 45 cases each. Patients in control group accepted general health education.However,patients in observation group patients were given diversity of health education. Then all patients were investigated face-to-face by filling out self-designed questionnaire. And knowledge grasping and incidences of constipation between the two groups before and after health education were compared.Results:After health education, in terms of mastering constipation prevention related knowledge, patients of observation group were superior to that of control group cases(P0.05). And the incidence of constipation in observation group patients was significantly lower than that in control group(P0.01). Conclusion: Health education can change the cognition of patients toward constipation and effectively prevent and decrease the occurrence of constipation and enhance the compliance of orally medicine-taking of schizophrenia patients. Key words schizophrenia; constipation; health education 精神分裂症病人是便秘的高发人群,因为服用抗精神病药物易出现便秘。研究发现，抗精神病药物的种类不同，便秘发生率不同，依次为氯氮平52.63%，氯丙嗪39.29%，氟哌啶醇38.46%，舒必利37.50%，奋乃静20.00%，其他16.67%[1]。同时疾病本身造成的认知功能障碍，容易反复发生便秘,增加痛苦,影响其服药依从性、身体健康及生活质量，这要求我们采取多种教育措施, 预防和减少便秘发生,解除病人对药物的恐惧感。因此，采取个性化健康教育,为实施常规化便秘防治知识教育提供参考依据。 1 资料与方法 1.1 一般资料 选取2008年1月mdash;2009年7月在我病区住院的90例精神分裂症病人。入选标准：①符合中国精神疾病诊断标准CCMD(CCMD3)关于精神分裂症的诊断标准[2]。②住院1个月以上。③知情、同意参加。④排除智力障碍。随机分成观察组和对照组各45例，观察组男35例，女10例;年龄35.17岁±6.48岁;初中32例，高中及中专10例，大专及以上3例;病程59.46 d±33.78 d。发生便秘者25例，临床用药：氯氮平30例，氯丙嗪10例，奋乃静5例。对照组男33例，女12例;年龄34.60岁±16.85岁;初中30例，高中及中专12例，大专及以上3例;病程59.96 d±3