心理语言学 结巴课件.pptVIP

Stuttering Outline 1. Definition 2. Causes and symptom 3. Treatment 4. Influence 5. Conclusion 一个结巴去买饮料，发现只带了一元钱，就去问老板Cola要多少钱。结巴：“老老老老老老老板板，一一一一一瓶瓶瓶可乐……” 老板听的很难过，没等他说完就帮他拿一瓶Cola。结巴：“多多多少钱。”(心想终于讲完了)老板：“五块！”结巴：“开开开开开开……” 老板又听的很难过，没等他讲完就帮他打开了。结巴：“开开开开开开开……什么玩笑？” 一位士兵体检，军医问他：你什么时候会结巴？ 士兵答道：“我，我，只，只在，讲话的，的，时候才结巴。” 瞎子骑车带结巴，结巴看路，忽见深沟，结巴惊呼：沟沟沟！瞎子回唱道：“噢勒噢勒噢勒！”于是二人坠入沟中。 有个人在银行开户，委托银行职员为他填表， 职员问他：“你的姓名？” “费费费雷罗.比比比得洛维奇.帕帕帕里奇。” “对不起，先生，你口吃吗？” “不，只是我父亲口吃，而那个为我进行出生登记的官员是个白痴！” 1. Definition Stuttering (stammering )is a disorder in the rate of speech delivery. It appears in the communication patterns of children aged between 2 and 5. It is characterized by repetitions or blockages that lead to ruptures (断裂) in the rhythm and melody of speech. Normal Disfluency VS Stutterers Disfluency Normal Disfluency: a period of language development in a child. (between 1and 5 years old ) Children might repeat syllables or words once or twice. Children hesitate during speech or use fillers, including um, with frequency. Stutterers Disfluency: A child with mild stuttering will repeat sounds more than twice. Children with more severe stuttering stutter through more than 10 percent of their speech. This child exhibits considerable tension and tries to avoid stuttering by using different words. Stutterers are different than people who are experiencing normal disfluency problems because a stutterers disfluency is more severe and consistent than that of people who do not stutter. 2. Causes and symptom  2.1 Physiological Factor Research suggests that the brains of people who stutter may function abnormally during speech production. These differences in functioning may lead to breakdowns in speech production and to the development of disfluent speech. 2.2 Inheritance Stuttering starts early in life and often is inherited. There is a genetic predisposition to stutter, as evidenced by studies of families and twins. Lewis Carroll, the well-known autho