phonetics and phonology 大学英语语言学教材 大学二年级必用！！！.ppt

Which of the following is not a design feature of human language? Arbitrariness B. Displacement C. Duality D. Meaningfulness 2. A historical study of language is a _______ study of language. Synchronic B. diachronic C. prescriptive D. comparative ;3. Language can be used to refer to contexts removed from the immediate situations of the speaker. This feature is called _______, Displacement B. duality C. flexibility D. cultural transmission 4. According to F. de Saussure, _______ refers to the abstract linguistic system shared by all the members of a speech community. A. parole B. performance C. Langue D. Language ;PHONETICS;The phonic medium of language;What is phonetics?;Three branches of phonetics;Nasal Cavity (鼻腔);;Narrow and broad transcription;e.g. [ l ] ;[ p] ;Consonants and vowels;Articulation of consonants;Articulation of consonants;Places of articulation: labial;Places of articulation;Places of articulation;Manners of articulation;Manners of articulation;Manners of articulation;Manners of articulation;Manners of articulation;Manners of articulation;Articulation of vowels;;;phonology;Phone, phoneme, and allophone;; neck check cheap cheat main man hat bat rat causing coughing calling hack have ham hat hit height ; The number of phonemes varies from one language to another. English is often considered to have 44 phonemes: 24 consonants and 20 vowels. ;Allophones: any of the different forms of a phoneme e.g. in English, the phoneme /p/ When it is at the beginning of words like put and pair it is said with a little puff of air (i.e. it is aspirated) When it is in words like span and spare, it is said without the puff of air (i.e. it is unaspirated) thus, Both[ p] and [ ph] are identified as /p/and are allophones of the phoneme /p/ ;The Allophones of the English Phoneme /p/;The Allophones of the English Phoneme /t/;