高中中难句赏析-3.doc

基础知识 一、句子的成份：主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、补语是构成句子的6大基本成份。 二、英语动词：英语中的动词充当谓语时使用动词的谓语结构，充当谓语以外的成分时都要使用其非谓语动词的形式。 非谓语动词主要包括不定式、动名词和分词（现在分词和过去分词）三种形式。 汉语和英语 的比较 汉语自动转换词性， 而英语需要人为改变词性。 我收集外国邮票。 I collect foreign stamps. 收集邮票很有趣。 Collecting stamps is interesting. 三、非谓语动词：是指在句子中不是谓语的动词，主要包括不定式、动名词和分词（现在分词和过去分词），即动词 的非谓语形式。非谓语动词除了不能独立作谓语外，可以承担句子的任何成分。 非 谓 语 动 词 不定式(to do) 表示将来发生或者具体一次性的动作。 I like to keep everything tidy. 我喜欢每件东西都保持整洁。 动名词(doing) 抽象、经常发生的动作。 Writing headlines is more difficult in English than in Chinese.用英语写标题比用汉语难。 现在分词(doing) 动作与逻辑主语之间是主动关系。 They went to the park,singing and talking. 他们边唱边说向公园走去。 过去分词(done) 动作与逻辑主语之间是被动关系。 Those selected as committee members will attend the meeting. 当选委员的人将出席此会。 四、做题步骤：①晒主句 ②理关系 ③译汉语 ④答问题 1)晒主句: （挑出主、谓、宾的中心词/句） A clever trick suggested by unicorn-trappers, in order to catch this magnificent beast without being hurt by its horn, was for the hunter to stand in front of a tree and then to move quickly behind it as the unicorn charged. 2)理关系:（标出和汉语顺序不一样的修饰关系就可以） 难句赏析-4-1 Analyzing-3-1 1.1As 2reasonably might we believe that 3were the sun quenched in the heavens, our torches would illuminate, and our fires quicken and fertilize the creation. 译汉语: ①‘1’起什么作用？ ②‘2’修饰哪个的？ ③‘3’语序正确吗？是什么句式？ 2.The chief difference between man and the other animals consists in this, that the former has reason, 1whereas the latter have only instinct; but in order to understand what we mean 2by the terms reason and instinct, 3it will be necessary to mention three things 4in which the difference very distinctly appears. 译汉语: ①‘1’表示什么？ ②‘2’修饰哪个？ ③‘3’指哪个？ ④‘4’为什么要加介词in? 3.When the savage provides himself with a hut or a wigwam 1for shelter, or 2 that he may store up his provisions, he does no more than 3wh