科技英语翻译的基本的 方法和技巧 词义的选择.pptVIP

科技英语翻译的基本方法和技巧 词义的选择 英汉两种语言都有一词多类、一词多义的现象。 一词多类就是指一个词往往属于几个词类，具有几个不同的意思。 一词多义就是说同一个词在同一个词类中，又往往有几个不同的词义。 根据词类选择词义 An electron is an extremely small corpuscle with negative charge which rounds about the nucleus of an atom. 电子是绕着原子核转动带有负电荷的极其微小的粒子。（动词） The earth goes round the sun. 地球环绕太阳运行。（介词） Round surface reflector is a key unit for the solar energy device. 弯曲面反射器是太阳能装置的关键元件。（形容词） The tree measures forty inches round. 这棵树树围40英寸。（副词） This is the whole round of knowledge. 这就是全部的知识范围。（名词） Like charges repel, unlike charges attract. 同性电荷相斥，异性电荷相吸。（形容词） In the sunbeam passing through the window there are fine grains of dust shining like gold. 在射入窗内的阳光里，细微的尘埃象金子一般在闪闪发亮。（介词） It is the atoms that make up iron, water, oxygen and the like. 正是原子构成了铁、水、氧等类物质。（名词） He likes making experiments in chemistry. 他喜欢做化学实验。（动词） Waves in water move like the waveform moves along a rope. 波在水中移动就象波形沿着绳子移动一样。（连词） Plastics was at first based on coal and wood. 最初塑料是从煤和木材中提取的。（动词） As we all know, a base reacts with an acid to form a salt. 众所周知，碱与酸起反应变成盐。（名词） Iron and brass are base metals. 铁和黄铜为非贵重金属。（形容词） We have now accumulated a considerable body of knowledge about electronics. 目前，我们在电子学方面已经积累了大量知识。（名词） They are in desperate need of this kind of bodied oil. 他们非常需要这种聚合油。（过去分词） Imagination bodies forth the forms of things unknown. 想象力能使未知事物的形象呈现出来。（动词） The nucleus is the information center of the cell. 细胞核是细胞的信息中枢。 He was imprisoned in a cell. 他被关在监狱的单人小牢房中。 In the center of the spacious workshop stood a cell with packets of block anodes. 在宽敞的车间中央有一个装有一组组阳极板的电解槽。 When the ends of a copper wire are joined to a device called an electric cell a steady stream of electricity flows through the wire. 当把一根铜丝的两端连接到一种叫做电池的电器上时，就会有稳定的电流流过该铜丝。 试译下列各句，注意根据词类确定划线词的词义： Aluminium is light and strong so that it is widely used in aircraft industry. Like charges repel, while unlike charges attract. It is the atoms that make up iron, water, oxygen and the like. A magnetic field is build up round the coil