开关柜局部放电智能在线监测系统分析及传感器设计-analysis and sensor design of intelligent online monitoring system for partial discharge of switchgear.docxVIP
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开关柜局部放电智能在线监测系统分析及传感器设计-analysis and sensor design of intelligent online monitoring system for partial discharge of switchgear
摘要随着电网规模的日益增大,电力系统对安全可靠运行的要求越来越高,由于检修人员的相对不足,检修方式要求因时而变、因需而变,集中监控、集中检修的“大运行、大检修”模式已是大势所趋。为了实现各级变电站的集中监控,必须在线获取各变电站开关柜绝缘情况等状态信息,所以对开关柜局部放电进行监测显得非常必要。本文结合了紫外、超高频和温升测量法三种技术来监测开关柜局部放电的发生,该联合技术不仅发挥了单独检测时各自的优点,还实现了优势互补。基于联合技术设计的传感器具有功耗低、可靠性高、灵敏度高、线性度好、安装方便以及造价成本低等特点。在此基础上,开发了一套开关柜局部放电智能在线监测系统,包括传感器节点、数据接收器和服务器终端三部分。该系统采用ZigBee无线通信技术,自动组网,最多可以容纳216个传感器节点,适合变电站开关柜众多的特点。数据接收器负责无线采集数据,然后缓存转发给服务器终端。服务器通过安装专门的局部放电监测软件,能直观显示放电数据及波形,并实现异常报警。服务器与外部网络相连,最终实现远程、智能、实时、动态监测开关柜局部放电发生的情况。本文分别对局部放电紫外辐射特性和超高频在开关柜内的传播特性进行了仿真,为紫外法、超高频法在开关柜局部放电检测上的应用提供技术支持。本文最后搭建开关柜内典型放电模型,研发开关柜局部放电检测系统平台,现场对设计的新型传感器进行了调试试验,实验结果表明:所设传感器能灵敏检测出针-板电晕放电产生的超高频和紫外脉冲;针板间距不变,外加电压越高,放电越明显;同一电压等级下,间距越小,电气强度越差,击穿电压越低,越容易产生放电;随着检测距离的增加,测得的紫外脉冲呈现一定的脉冲线性度,而超高频脉冲个数的减少,说明UHF电磁波在传播的过程中存在衰减的现象。关键字:开关柜;局部放电;紫外光;超高频;在线监测AbstractWiththegridscaleincreasing,ourdemandforthesafeandreliableoperationofpowersystemisgraduallyhigher.Duetotherelativelackofmaintenancepersonnel,thewayofmaintenancerequirestochangeovertimeandneed.Centralizedmonitoringandmaintenanceofbigrun,overhaulmodeisageneraltrend.Inordertoachievecentralizedmonitoringofalllevelssubstations,it’ssacrificedtoobtaintheswitchgearinsulatormessageonlineinallsubstations,soswitchgearpartialdischargemonitoringisveryimportant.ThetitlecombinedUV(ultraviolet)LawUHF(ultrahighfrequency)methodandthetemperaturerisemeasuredthreetechniquestomonitortheoccurrenceofpartialdischargeswitchgear.Thecombinedtechnologynotonlyplaystheirrespectiveadvantages,butalsotheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofcomplementary.Jointtechnicaldesign-basedsensorshavethecharactersoflowpowerconsumption,highreliability,highsensitivity,goodlinearity,easytoinstallandcostlowcost.Onthisbasis,wedevelopedasetofswitchgearpartialdischargeintelligenton-linemonitoringsystemscheme.Itconsistsofthreeparts,respectivelyisthesensornodes,thedatareceiverandtheserverterminal.ThesystemusesZigBeewirelesscommunicationtechnology,networkautomatically,canaccommodateupto216sensornodes,suitablefornumerousfeaturesofthesubstationswitchgear.Thedatareceiver
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