第八章 生物技术知识保鲜 保藏学课件第二部分-保藏原理部分.pptVIP

Transgenic broccoli carrying antisense copies of a tomato ACO gene Ethylene lower than controls (72h after harvesting) Respiration rate decrease (98h after harvest) 4. Enhancing plant resistance to fungal and bacteria One of the most promising resistance strategies use of cell wall lytic enzymes to degrade or damage the fungal cell wall Major components: chitin and glucan Several kinds of chitinases and glucanases have now been cloned transgenic plants an increased degree of resistance to fungal pathogens bacterial resistance is difficult to accomplish 第八章 生物技术保鲜 植物采后腐败 Number of efficient chemical and physical treatments can be used to preserve fresh foods Ideal way to preserve foods (plant) Genetically programme to foods to do the job by themselves with any human intervention Once plant tissues are harvested, they engage in an accelerated senescence process that leads to spoilage Plant organ senescence Natural process Controlled by gene Harvesting—detaching organs from main plants Adding a strong stress component speeding up the decay Genetic engineering has the potential to slow down the natural senescence processes and alleviate the stress responses from harvested tissues Fruits Vegetables Short shelf life 1-2 days~1-2 weeks Senescence process can be accelerated, by variety of environmental factors Temperature, humidity, atmosphere and pathogen 跃变型果实 Ethylene play important role in ripening On ripening, large increase in ethylene production and sensitive to ethylene Exposure to ethylene accelerate ripening Practical problems during transport and storage Presence of other ripening fruits will act in a synergistic way to accelerate senescence The climacteric pattern of respiration in non-climacteric fruit Some Climacteric Non-climacteric fruits vegetables Climacteric Non-climacteric Apple Nectarine Grape Apricot Papaya Pineapple Banana Peach Orange Mango Pear Strawberry Vegetable Tomato Cucumber Fruit 成熟中的变化 Climacteric Chemical changes Suga