二语习得认知风格.pptVIP

Cognitive Style Christina S200918004 ◆ The definition of Style ◆ The definition of Cognitive Style ◆ Several Cognitive Style ※ Field Independence Dependence ※ Category Width ※ Reflectivity Impulsivity ※ Ambiguity Tolerance ※ Visual Auditory Styles ※ Analytic Gestalt ◆ References Style is a term that refers to consistent and rather enduring tendencies or preference within an individual. Styles are those general characteristics of intellectual functioning (and personality type, as well) that especially pertain to you as an individual, that differentiate you from someone else. (Tarone et al. 1976) The way we learn things in general and the Particular attack we make on a problem seem to hinge on a rather amorphous link between personality and cognition, this link is referred to as cognitive style; When cognitive styles are specially related to an educational context, where affective and physiological factors are intermingled , they are usually more generally referred to as learning style. Field-independence style: the ability to perceive a particular, relevant item or factor in a “field” of distracting terms. Field-dependence style: conversely, the tendency to be “dependent” on the total field so that the parts embedded within the field are not easily perceived, though that total field is perceived more clearly as a unified whole. Advantages of field-independence: distinguish parts from a whole concentrate on something (reading a book in a noisy train station) analyze separate variables without the contamination of neighboring variables Disadvantages of field-independence: only see the parts, fails to see their relationship to a whole. (You can’t see the forest for the trees) Advantages of field-dependence: perceive the whole picture, the larger view, the general configuration of a problem or event. Affectively, people who are field-in