《欧洲文化入门》重点名词解释.docVIP

Chapter 1 Europa(Europe): the beautiful daughter of the Phoenician king, Agenor, the wife of Zeus, the first queen of the Crete.[3] European : people who live Europe are called Europeans.[3] Ancient Near East: a historical region approximately corresponding to much of the modern Middle East.[4] Mesopotamia:meaning??the land between two rivers?, is the land between the Tigris and the Euphrates.[5] Garden of Eden: the garden created by God for the first man, Adam.[5] Tree of Life: the tree grew right on the spot where the Tigris meets the Euphrates.[5] The fertile crescent: when seen on the map, the green plains in Mesopotamian from the shape of a new moon. This is why the area called??the fertile crescent?. [5] the Persians: a group of people from what is now modern day Iran who conquered the region and put an end to the Mesopotamian civilization.[7] The Sumerians: the creators of the Mesopotamian civilization, regarded as the founders of the human civilization . They are the first people to start systematically farming the land. [7] Semitic Language: the most widely spoken language in the Sumerian region.[7] Wheel: a round disc made of a piece of solid wood.[8] Persian Gulf : the Tigris and Euphrates meet each other and flow into Persian Gulf. Famous for their woolen textiles, poetry, and metal work, Sumerian businessmen traded extensively with their neighbors, leading to the development of a trade network in the Persian Gulf region.[8] Ziggurat: temple was built to honor the city?s chief protecting god or goddess at center of each Sumerian city.[8] Priests (or priestesses): living in the temples that controlled most of the land in the name of gods. They had great economic and political power. [8] Akkadians: a group of Semitic people from the North who defeated the Sumerian city-states and established an empire. [9] Amorites: another group of Semitic speaking people who put an end to the Sumerian civilization.[9] Hammurabi: the great king of the Amorites created a h