虚拟语气考点回顾.docVIP

虚拟语气考点回顾 ??? 表示与事实相反的时间 if条件句的谓语形式 主句的谓语形式 现在 一般过去式(be用were, 口语中一三人称单数也可用was) Should／would／could／might+ do 过去 过去完成时态 should／would／could／might+have done 将来 Should(可译为“万一”)或“were to+动词原形”或一般过去式 should／would／could／might do ?? 例如： If he were here right now，he would help us． If they had not helped us，our experiment would have failed． If he were to go tomorrow，he might tell you． If I had time，I would attend the meeting．注意：1.?主句中的情态动词would和should可换用，would / should do意思是 “本来会”，would / should not do是“本来不会”，would / should have done是“当初本来会”，wouldn’t / should not have done 是“当初本来不会”；could /might do是“本可能”；could not do是“本不可能”，might not do为“本来可能不”，could / might have done为“当初本来可能”，could not have done为“当初本来不可能”，might not have done为“当初本来可能不”(和表推测的意思差别类似)2.?should have done可以表示“过去本应该做却没有做”，shouldn’t have done可以表示“过去本不应该做却做了”；needn’t have done表示 “本不需要做的却做了”(need have done不对，因为need作情态动词不用在肯定句中)。3.?在if引导的虚拟条件句中，如果有were，had，should，可将其提到条件句句首，将if省略。例如：If I were you，I would accept their invitation．可改为：Were I you，I would accept their invitation．If he had been given some infomation，he could have answered the question．可改为：Had he been given some information, he could have answered the question。If there should be a good film tomorrow，I would go to the theatre with you．可改为：Should there be a good film tomorrow，I would go to the theatre with you．4．有时条件句和主句分别对不同的时间进行虚拟。例如：If he had taken his parents，advice，he would be a college student now. (从句表示过去，主句表示现在)If we shouldn’t have an exam this afternoon，I would go shopping now．(从句表示将来，主句表示现在)If I were not to make a preparation for my lecture this afternoon, I would have gone to see the film with you last night. (从句表示将来，主句表示过去)If we hadn’t made adequate preparations，we shouldn’t dare to do the experiment next week．(从句表示过去，主句表示将来)5．有时句子中没有if，had，should，were引出的条件句，而从意义上看，却有含蓄的条件句。例如：I would have gone with you，but I had to study．我要是不学习的话，就跟你一起去了。句中：but I had to study＝if I hadn’t had to study．I would never have succeeded without your he