(数据库原理课件）Chapter8 Physical Database Design-Step8 Database Maintanance教学讲义.pptVIP

Chapter 8 Physical Database Design – Step 8 (Monitor and Tune the Operational System) Transparencies Chapter 8 - Objectives The importance of monitoring and tuning the operational system. How to measure efficiency. How system resources affect performance. Step 8 Monitor and tune the operational system To monitor operational system and improve performance of system to correct inappropriate design decisions or reflect changing requirements. Step 8 Monitor and tune the operational system Number of factors that may be used to measure efficiency: - Transaction throughput: number of transactions processed in given time interval. - Response time: elapsed time for completion of a single transaction. - Disk storage: amount of disk space required to store database files. No one factor is always correct. Typically, have to trade one factor off against another to achieve a reasonable balance. Step 8 Monitor and tune the operational system Must be aware how 4 main h/w components interact and affect performance: main memory CPU disk I/O network. Note that an improvement in one resource may effect an improvement in other resources. Step 8 Monitor and tune the operational system Disk I/O: With any large DBMS, significant amount of disk I/O. Need to carefully design how data is organized on disk. Operating system Main database files Index files Recovery log file Step 8 Monitor and tune the operational system RAID (Redunadant Array of Inexpensive Disks): Arrangement of several independent disks organized to increase performance and improve reliability. Performance increased through data striping (data divided into partitions and distributed across disks). Reliability improved through storing redundant data across disks so redundant data can be reconstructed should disk fail. Step 8 Monitor and tune the operational system StayHome wish to hold pictures of video cover plus brief story line. SQL Server物理数据库设计的基本原则及其性能意义： 表格行长尽量短 用索引加速数据访问，但索引越多，插入、删除、更新与删除行所需的时间