赣南某钨矿尾矿砂和土壤中砷的赋存及释放特征分析-occurrence and release characteristics of arsenic in tailings and soil of a tungsten mine in southern jiangxi province.docxVIP
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赣南某钨矿尾矿砂和土壤中砷的赋存及释放特征分析-occurrence and release characteristics of arsenic in tailings and soil of a tungsten mine in southern jiangxi province
摘要赣南是中国钨业的发祥地,并有“世界钨都”之称。境内四大钨矿经过几十年的开采,在一定程度上给我国社会经济带来快速发展的同时,也给矿区当地的自然环境和人类的生存健康产生了一定的影响。As是引起矿山环境污染主要的重金属元素之一,尾矿砂中的砷会通过孔隙下渗和地表径流等方式进入到土壤当中,而土壤中的As经过一系列的迁移转化后能够被生物体所吸收,最终危害到人类的健康。本文通过二乙基二硫代氨基甲酸银分光光度法对赣南某钨矿开采所产生的尾矿砂和矿区周围土壤中的As进行了全量分析,了解了矿区周围土壤的基本理化性质和As的富集特征。结果发现矿区周围土壤呈偏酸性;另外尾矿砂和土壤中砷的含量明显高于当地土壤中砷的背景值,并且土壤中的砷含量在离尾矿砂堆积处越近的地方富集效果越明显。论文通过静态释放试验,研究了尾矿砂和土壤中As的释放特征以及影响As释放的主要因素。结果表明样品的振荡处理、温度的升高以及土壤pH的增大都会提高As的释放量,另外,砷在酸性条件下的释放迁移能力小于碱性条件下的迁移释放能力,而且释放量会随pH的升高而逐渐增加,到pH为10-11时达到最大值。不同形态的As对环境的危害大小不一,论文采用Tessier连续提取法对尾矿砂和土壤中的As进行提取与分析。结果表明:在尾矿砂中As主要以残渣态的形式存在,其比例占到了总砷的39.4%;而在土壤中以铁锰氧化物结合态存在的As最多,其占总砷的比例为36.13%~38.63%。在As的五种形态当中,残渣态砷的释放迁移能力最弱,在尾矿砂中释放能力最强的是可交换态和铁-锰氧化物结合态,释放量分别占到了各自形态砷总含量的78%和82.4%;而在土壤中,由于铁-锰氧化物结合态砷的总含量大,释放量的平均百分比达到了46.94%,因此在砷的释放迁移过程中占主导地位。关键词:尾矿砂;矿区土壤;砷(As);释放迁移IAbstractGannanisthebirthplaceofChinesetungstenindustry,andisfamousas“tungstenworld”.Therearefourtungstenoresafterdecadesofexploitation,bringsinthesocialeconomicdevelopmenttoourcountry,butatthesametime,therearealsoimpactonthelocalnaturalenvironmentandhumansurvivalhealth.Arsenicisoneofthemajorheavymetalelementscausedbymineenvironmentpollution,arsenicintheminetailingscanthroughtheporeofinfiltrationandsurfacerunoffintothesoil,andthesearsenicafteraseriesofmigrationandtransformationcanbeabsorbedbyorganisms,andeventuallyharmtohumanhealth.ThepaperthroughanalyzethearsenicfromminetailingsproducedbytungstenoreofGannanandthesurroundingsoiltominingareainfullamountbysilverdiethyldithiocarbamatespectrophotometrymethod,tounderstandthebasicphysicalandchemicalpropertiesofsoilaroundminingareaandenrichmentcharacteristicsofthearsenic.Resultsoftheresearchshowedthatthesoilaroundminingareaareskewacidic;Inaddition,thecontentofarsenicintailingsandsurroundingsoilaresignificantlyhigherthanthatinthebackgroundlevelandinthesoilAswherethenearerthetailoredepositsconcentrationismoreobvious.Thetestresearchthefeatureofarsenicreleaseinthesoilandit’smainfactorsthroughthestaticreleaseexperiments.Resultsoftheresearchshowedthattheoscillations
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