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维多利亚时代的乌托邦——论《埃瑞璜》的讽刺主题-utopia in victorian times —— on the satirical theme of
AcknowledgementsI would like to express my sincere gratitude to my supervisor, Professor Chen Bing, under whose guidance I have accumulated the necessary knowledge for this paper; his wide-ranging knowledge and critical acumen have led to many improvements in the substance and phrasing of present paper.My gratitude also goes out to Professor Chen Zhengfa, Professor Hong Zengliu, Professor Hua Quankun, Dr. QiTao, Professor Zhou Fangzhu, and Professor ZhuYue for their illuminating lectures and earnest instruction.Last but not least, I would like to thank my roommates Liu Yaming, Xu Lifang, and Hua Kaihong for many heated discussions on my paper.AbstractErewhon is one of the early works written by the English novelist Samuel Bulter. This is a utopian novel which not only follows the utopian tradition, but also combines the social features of the nineteenth century. The title Erewhon is a backward written word of ―nowhere‖. Erewhon kingdom is different from the ideal paradise in More‘s Utopia, but a distorted miniature of Victorian society. Many critics tend to regard this novel as the phase of the continuing development of English utopian literature. They pay more attention to the genre of the novel and its function of linking the past tradition with future development, but they pay little attention to the content of the novel and its social significance. This paper intends to explore the theme of the novel by linking it closely with its social background. The paper holds that the satire on the late-Victorian society is the theme of the novel. This theme can be approached from three aspects: religion, education and factory system.Firstly, the paper analyzes the religious hypocrisy in Victorian middle class from two levels. The first level focuses on the hero of the novel, who is a representative of 19th century middle class men. His religious awareness reflects the normal situation: religion is no more than a tool for profit- pursuit and colonization. The second level
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