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anexplorationofpharmacistsamp;#;learninginpractice：药师与#探索；在实践中学习.doc
An exploration of pharmacists’
learning in practice
Alison Gifford, MMedSci, BSc
Thesis submitted to the University of Nottingham
for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy
April 2008
Abstract
Informal learning is a major factor influencing the professional development and practices of health professionals (Eraut, 1994). This thesis is an in-depth exploration of how this process occurs in pharmacy and involves a detailed study of practising pharmacists. The learning approach of these individuals is explored in relation to the variety of working situations in which they practise and the prevailing climate in relation to professional learning and development within the National Health Service (NHS). This study therefore adds to an understanding of the way in which informal learning shapes the practice of pharmacists and as such it has considerable implications for both future policy and practice.
In the past there has been very little detailed research investigation into informal learning in pharmacy, although studies by Wilson, Schlapp Davidson (2003) and Swallow et al (2006) have demonstrated the importance of this aspect of professional development. This study addresses that deficit, utilising semi structured interviews and focus groups to explore in some depth the nature of pharmacists’ informal learning and their perceptions of the effectiveness of current CPD practices in supporting such learning.
The study reveals that pharmacists use a range of informal learning methods to develop in their careers post-qualification, including experiential learning and reflective practice. Many also continue to take further formal courses and qualifications. Practitioners perceive knowledge to be of particularly high value, and place less emphasis and value on the learning of skills, attitudes and behaviours, despite their comprising a vital part of practice.
The role of helpful others (Eraut et al., 2004) plays a critical part in the professional learning and developmen
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