基于ATMega16和iButton电子锁控制器设计.doc

摘 要 近年来，美国的达拉斯半导体公司（DALLAS SEMICONDUCTOR）推出了一项特有的单总线（1-Wire Bus）技术，它采用单根信号线，既可传输时钟，又能传输数据，而且数据传输是双向的，因而这种单总线技术具有线路简单，硬件开销少，成本低廉，便于总线扩展和维护等优点。 本文设计了一种基于ATMega16单片机和iButton的电子锁的控制器，从硬件和软件两方面阐述了ATMega16单片机对iButton电子锁进行控制的设计方法。 首先，本文介绍了基于单总线的iButton电子锁的发展背景，单总线的原理以及现在国内外的iButton电子锁的发展现状。 其次，介绍了基于ATMega16和iButton的电子锁控制器的硬件设计。 再次，介绍了该系统的软件设计，包括对iButton仿真模拟器的软件设计。 最后，进行了系统的仿真和测试。 结果表明，该ATMega16单片机能够对iButton进行各种控制，因此该基于ATMega16和iButton的电子锁控制器的设计达到了设计的要求。 关键词：单总线,IButton,ATMega16 注：本设计题目来源于教师的企业科研项目，项目编号为：1920 Abstract In recent days, an American company named Dallas Semiconductor had launched the unique 1-Wire Bus Technology, which could transfer the clock signal and data simultaneously. One signal wire is its tool, and the transmission of it comprises a bidirectional way. Owing to the special design, the 1-Wire Bus Technology operates with simple lines, low hardware expenses and costs, being available to expand the bus circuit and implement maintenance. This paper designs a controller based on the ATMega16 microcontroller and iButton electronic lock, expounding how to control the iButton electronic lock by ATMega16 microcontroller from both the software’s and hardware’s sides. At first, the development of the iButton electronic lock based on 1-Wire bus is introduced, accompanying the principle of 1-Wire Bus and the current condition of iButton electronic lock. Second, the hardware design of the controller based on ATMega16 and iButton is introduced. Third, the software design of the system is presented, including a simulative software of iButton. Finally, the simulation and the test of the system are carried out. The results show that the ATMega16 microcontroller is able to conduct various controls on iButton, which eventually implies the eligibility of the designed electronic controller Key words: 1-Wire Bus, iButton, ATMega16 目 录 1 绪 论 1 1.1 题目背景及目的 1 1.2 国内外发展现状 2 1.2.1 单总线技术 3 1.2.2 多密钥iButton-DS1991 4 1.3 论文的主要内容 6 2 系统的硬件设计 7 2.1 开发环境介绍—Prot