个阔叶树种在粤北石灰岩山地造林的早期生长表现.docVIP

13个阔叶树种在粤北石灰岩山地造林的早期生长表现* 吴永彬1 朱明2 黄川腾1 秦新生1 郑明轩1 莫慧芝1 徐瑞晶1 庄雪影1,* （1. 华南农业大学林学院 广东广州 510642；2. 广东省清新县林业局） 摘要 研究了13个阔叶树种在广东省清新县白湾镇石灰岩山地的早期生长表现。结果表明，楝叶吴茱萸、任豆和千年桐3个落叶树种的存活率在90%以上，生长也最快，3 a生平均树高在3 m以上；2个常绿树种浙江润楠和铁冬青次之，平均树高分别为1.86 m 和1.59 m。肥皂荚和长叶竹柏的存活率也较高，但生长较慢，3 a生平均树高不到1.3 m。亮叶含笑、金花茶、蝴蝶树和肖蒲桃的试验苗木几乎全部死亡，说明这些树种不适宜在石灰岩山地应用。 关键词 阔叶树 石灰岩山地 早期生长 造林 粤北 中图分类号： Early Growth of 13 Species of Broad-leaved Trees in Limestone Area of North Guangdong * Wu Yongbin1 Zhu Ming2 Huang Chuanteng1 Qin Xinsheng 1 Zheng Mingxuan1 Mo Huizhi1 Xu Ruijing1, Zhuang Xueying1,* （1. College of Forestry，South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510642； 2. Forestry Bureau of Qingxin County） Abstract Thirteen species of broad-leaved trees were planted in limestone area of Baiwan, Qingxin County, North Guangdong. Early growth status of the trees was annually investigated from year 2009 to 2012. The results showed that three deciduous tree species, Tetradium glabrifolium , Zenia insignis and Vernicia montana, kept highly survival rate with average value90% in the first year, and displayed fast growth with average height 3.0 m in the third year. Two evergreen species, Machilus chekiangensis and Ilex rotunda also exhibited vigorous growth in the third year with average heights were 1.86 m and 1.59 m, respectively. The survival rate of Gymnocladus chinensis, Manglietia chevalieri and Nageia fleuryi were high, but their early growth was slow with average height 1.3 m. In contrast, most of the sampled Michelia fulgens, Camellia petelotii, Heritiera parvifolia, and Acmena acuminatissima were dead, suggesting that these trees were not suitable for plantation in the mountainous limestone area. Key words limestone area, broad-leaved tree, early growth, plantation, north guangdong 广东省的石灰岩面积约有1.45万km2，主要分布在粤北的阳山、英德、曲江、连县、清远、乐昌等地[1]。石灰岩地区土壤稀薄、干旱贫瘠，自然环境恶劣，植被一旦受毁就难以恢复[2-4]。而且大多数石灰岩地区交通不便，水源缺乏，极大限制了农业和社会经济的发展，从而成为广东省经济较贫困的地区。 人工恢复森林植被是一项快速有效的生态恢复途径[5], 在全国各地受到广泛重视[6-10]。自上世纪