寄生虫-血吸虫Schistosoma.ppt

Schistosoma(裂体吸虫 ) They belong to Genus Schistosoma, live in blood vessel and cause schistosomiasis. People call them blood flukes. There are four species infecting human body. They are: 1. Schistosoma japonicum（日本血吸虫）is prevalent in Far East. In china, it is prevalent in Yangtze valley and south of Yangtze except Guizhou Province. The adults live in the portal vein system, causing liver cirrhosis（肝硬化）and portal vein hypertension syndrome（门脉高压征候群）. Male and female schistosomes. (Drawn by Sylvia Treadgold)? WHO Paired male and female adult worms. The female schistosomulum is the darker, curled worm within the males gynacophoric canal. The small spine is generally not visible as the egg surface is often covered with facal debris. oval in shape, slight yellow in color, 89 x 67 μ, shell is thin without an operculum but with a lateral spine. Forked cercaria of S. japonicum II. Life cycle 1. Site of inhabitation: the portal vein system, mainly in the inferior mesenteric vein. 2. ?Infective stage: cercaria 3. ?Infective route: by skin 4. ?Intermediate hosts: Oncomelania snail (钉螺) 5. Reservoir hosts: mammals such as buffalo, cattle, wild rodents, goat, monkey, pig, fox. 6. ?Eggs are main pathogenic factor: (They are inlaid in the liver and intestinal wall. Some of them are discharged in feces to complete its life cycle). 7. The development in human body requires 25-30 days. Cercaria can live 1-3 days. Life span of the adults is about 20-30 years. The infective inhabitation of Schistosoma japonicum: mesenteric vein III. Pathology and Symptomatology 1. pathogenic mechanism of blood fluke Intestinal schistosomiasis: eggs in the wall of the gut. WHO 2. Clinical manifestations (symptoms and signs ) (1) Initial phase: It is characterized by fever, dry cough (pneumonitis), urticaria. These phenomena are due to adolescents migration. *(2) Acute stage: The characteristics symptoms is dysentery. T