英语中几个特殊数词的用法小结.doc

英语中几个特殊数词的用法小结 石广银 湖南怀化广播电视大学 湖南 怀化 418000 【摘 要】英语的数词除基数词外，还有dozen, score, hundred, thousand, million, billion, trillion七个。它们除了表达基本的数目和顺序外，还有一些特殊用法，涉及到用单数还是用复数，与不与介词连用，与不与定冠词the连用等，本文对它们的用法作七点分析总结。 【关键词】特殊数词、用法、总结 英语的数词由基数词one至 nineteen, 以及twenty至ninety组成，共二十七个。除了这二十七个基数词外，还有七个表示整数的特殊数词，它们分别是dozen(十二),score（二十）, hundred（百）, thousand（千）, million（百万）, billion(【美国、法国】十亿 ,【英国、德国】万亿), trillion（【英】百万兆,一百万的三次幂，【美】万亿,兆,一千的四次幂）。称这七个数词为特殊数词，是因为它们除了表达基本的数目和顺序外，还有一些特殊用法，涉及到用单数还是用复数，与不与介词连用，与不与定冠词the连用等，本文对它们的用法作七点分析总结。这七个词中，billion和trillion用法与其它五个词相同，但很少用，故本文不为它们举例。 1.当它们表示具体、准确的数量、修饰名词时，不用复数（但名词要用复数，且可以承前文省略），也不和定冠词the及介词of连用，基本句型为：数词＋特殊数词单数（＋描绘性形容词）＋名词。如： He had come half a dozen times to call upon his sister.他来看望他姐姐已有六七次了。 Four score and seven years ago our fathers brought forth on this continent a new nation conceived in Liberty and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal.（亚伯拉罕林肯，葛底斯堡八十七年前，我们先辈在这个大陆上创立了一个新国家，它孕育于自由之中，奉行一切人生来平等的原则。I can give you a hundred reasons for not going. 我可以给你列出一百条不去的理由。 About three million workers were on strike. 大约有三百万工人参加了罢工。 He was prepared to pay two million（dollars）He planned to buy dozens of reference books.他计划买几十本参考书。 Ive seen this phenomenon hundreds of times.这种现象我看见了好几百次。 The sun was shining. Thousands of people were lying on the beach. 阳光灿烂，数以千计的人躺在海滩上。 She won the lawsuit and received millions of dollars in compensation. 她赢了这个官司,几百万美元的赔偿。The city subways carry hundreds of thousands of passengers a day. 市内的地下铁每天运载数十万乘客。 Hundreds of millions of people across the world held their breath. Each one was anxiously watching a tiny robot on their TV screen. 全世界数亿人都屏住呼吸，焦急地注视着电视屏幕里的微型机器人。 这些不具体、准确的数量前还可以加上a few, some, several， many等不具体、确定的形容词。如： several dozens of port wine 数十瓶葡萄酒 some scores of volunteers 几十名志愿者 some thousands of books 几千本书 Several hundreds of people gathered in front of the hall，waiting for the president to meet them.好几百人聚集在大厅里等候总统的接见。 Why some millions of Californians choose not to prepare for disaster？数百