几种除草剂降解菌的降解特性分析-analysis of degradation characteristics of several herbicide-degrading bacteria.docxVIP

摘要乙草胺、氟磺胺草醚和氯嘧磺隆是黑龙江省大豆田应用面积较大的选择性除草剂，本研究旨在通过对氯嘧磺隆、氟磺胺草醚、乙草胺除草剂的降解菌降解率的研究，为解决以上三种除草剂的残留问题提供理论依据，同时也为其他有机污染物污染土壤的生物修复提供依据。主要研究结果如下：将4 株氯嘧磺隆降解菌按5%的量接入氯嘧磺隆（100 mg/L）的无机盐培养基中（pH7.0），于30℃震荡培养7 天后对氯嘧磺隆的残留量进行测定。结果表明，4 株降解菌L2、L5、L6 和L7 无论是单独培养还是混合培养，都能够高效地降解培养基中添加的氯嘧磺隆，当L6 和L7 混合培养时降解率达到最高，为97.94%。将3 株氟磺胺草醚降解菌按12%的量接入氟磺胺草醚（100 mg/L）的无机盐培养基中（pH6.0），于35℃振荡培养7 天后对氟磺胺草醚的残留量进行测定。结果表明，3 株降解菌单独培养和混合培养情况下，对氟磺胺草醚的降解率差异不明显，其中F3 及F3、F12 混合菌的降解率较高，分别为84.90%和83.43%。将3株乙草胺降解菌按10%的量接入乙草胺（50mg/L）的无机盐培养基中（pH6.0），于35℃振荡培养7天后对乙草胺的残留量进行测定。结果表明，3株降解菌Y1、Y10和Y13的降解率没有上述两种除草剂降解菌的降解效率高，无论是单菌培养还是混合菌培养，降解率最高达到76.8%（Y13+Y10）。关键词氯嘧磺隆；乙草胺；氟磺胺草醚；微生物降解ⅠAbstractAbstractChlorimuron-ethyl,fomesafenandacetochlorarethreekindsofselective herbicides widelyapplied forcontrol of weeds insoybeans field.Thispaperwouldprovideatheoreticalbasisthroughthestudyofherbicide degradationrateofchlorimuron-ethyl,fomesafenandacetochlordegradedbybacteria notonlyforaddressingtheabovethreeherbicideresidues,butalsoforotherorganic pollutants bioremediation of contaminated soil.Themain results are as follows:Thefourchlorine-ethyl-degradingbacteriawereinoculatedininorganicsalt medium (pH7.0) by 5% volume containing chlorimuron-ethyl (100 mg / L).Chlorimuron-ethylresiduesweredeterminedafter7days’shockcultivationat30℃.Theresultsshowthatfour-degradingbacteriaL2,L5,L6andL7couldefficiently degradethechlorine-ethyl addedtothemediumwhetherculturedaloneormixed culture.Thehighest degradation rate was 97.94%inL6 andL7 mixed culture.Thethreefomesafen-degradingbacteriawereinoculatedininorganicsaltmedium (pH6.0)by12%volumecontainingfomesafen(100mg/L).Fomesafenresiduesweredetermined after 7 days’shock cultivation at 35 ℃. The results show that threedegradingbacteriacouldefficientlydegradethefomesafenaddedtothemediumwith notobviousdifferencewhetherculturedaloneormixedculture.Thehigher degradationrateswere84.90%and83.43%respectivelyinF3orF3andF12mixed culture.Thethreeacetochlor-degradingbacteriawereinoculatedininorganicsaltmedium (pH6.0)by10%volumeco