聚合物稳定与降解（Stability and degradation of polymers）.docVIP

聚合物稳定与降解（Stability and degradation of polymers） Chapter one, introduction 1. concept of aging (degradation) In the processing, storage and use of polymer materials, the physical and chemical properties and mechanical properties will gradually become worse, called aging, or degradation. P1 Characteristic： Inevitable, irreversible process. The time scale is relatively short. 2. factors leading to polymer degradation (1) internal cause Composition and chain structure of A. polymer. (1) the composition is different and the degradation is different (2) the active matrix may be the main cause of degradation (3) active hydrogen is more likely to be captured (4) the head head (tail tail) structure of polyolefin is more likely to become active point. (5) the influence of the change of molecular weight: the change of molecular weight makes the irregular structure increase, resulting in the decrease of stability. On the other hand, if the irregular structure decreases, the stability increases. (6) the influence of molecular weight distribution: the molecular weight distribution is wide, then the stability is decreased. (7) the influence of branching degree: the increase of branching degree and the weak link in the molecular chain also increase, and the degradation is easy to occur. Aggregation state of B. polymer The stability of amorphous polymer material is less than that of crystalline polymer material The reason is that the density of amorphous material is small (the arrangement of polymer chain is irregular), and it is easy to be infiltrated and degraded by oxygen, water and chemical substances. 3. impurities in polymers Impurities in polymers fall into two categories: (1) a small amount of impurities must be mixed in the process; (2) additives and other substances. Most impurities accelerate the degradation of polymers. (two) external causes: The influence of A. heat, temperature and thermal oxygen: heat breaks the chain of polymer, forms free radical (reversible, bidire