澳大利亚煤矿火灾控制与救援概况（ppt）.pptVIP

1.3.1 采煤方法 井下开采 房柱式开采 短壁式开采 长壁式开采 露天开采 倒推开采 矿坑开采 抑制剂- 反致热物质. 反致热物质. 抵抗火灾区域. 空气压缩机和移动设备. 辅助工作 2.3.3.1 通风技术中的压力平衡 2.3.3.2 通风技术中的压力平衡 2.3.5.7 可能发生火灾地点及密闭地点 2.3.5.8 可能发生火灾地点及密闭地点 2.4 火灾治理 2.4.1 泡沫灭火 2.4.2 氮气灭火技术 2.4.2.1 氮气灭火原理与作用 （4）防止煤的自燃发热和自燃 煤炭自燃的三要素是：煤有自燃倾向性；有连续的供氧条件；热量易于积聚。煤矿生产工作面采空区氧化带内的漏入风量不足以带走煤氧化产生的热量，则煤温就逐渐升高，这时煤处于自燃发热。当温度达到煤的临界温度以上，氧化急聚加快，大量产生热量，又使煤温迅速升高，达到煤的着火温度时便着火燃烧起来，即进入自燃状态。基于此煤氧复合学说，采取向工作面采空区氧化带内注入一定流量的氮气，降低该带内的氧气含量，达到破坏煤炭自燃的一个要素，使其氧含量降到煤自燃临界值以下，就达到了防止煤自燃的目的。 （5）降低燃烧强度 无论是外因火灾，还是内因火灾，当火灾已经发生，向火区内注入一定流量（大于漏风量）的氮气，使该区内的氧含量由21%逐渐降低到10%以下，熊熊大火就逐渐处于自熄。 2.4.2.2 氮气的来源 地面液态罐车 分离法 汽油（柴油）发动机尾气 （1） 液氮罐车 （7）地表操作 （8）井下操作 室内空气分配机 Introduction to MISHC The Minerals Industry Safety and Health Centre (MISHC) was set up in 1998 as a result of industry interest and UQ initiative. Seven minerals industry companies agreed to sponsor the first 5 years operating costs of the centre. Those companies are noted on the slide by their logo. The Director of the Centre, Jim Joy, was appointed in July 1998. Shortly thereafter a Business Plan for MISHC was prepared and presented to the MISHC Management Committee. The Business Plan included a Mission Statement, noted on the slide. Six Strategies to accomplish the Mission were also suggested, the top 3 involving education. 1. Definition of the Minerals Industry Risk Management discipline 2. Development and delivery of integrated undergraduate content (including transfer to other universities) 3. Development and delivery of post graduate and continuing education content All three education strategies are well in place. Introduction to MISHC The Minerals Industry Safety and Health Centre (MISHC) was set up in 1998 as a result of industry interest and UQ initiative. Seven minerals industry companies agreed to sponsor the first 5 years operating costs of the centre. Those companies are noted on the slide by their logo. The Director of the Centre, Jim Joy, was appointed in July 1998. Shortly the