Yie高中英语定语从句详解.doc

高中英语定语从句详解 Ⅰ. 概念： (1) 定语从句：在主从复合句中用作定语的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧接在先行词后面。 (2) 先行词：被定语从句修饰的n (3) 引导定语从句的词叫关系词，分为关系代词和关系副词。 关系词的作用： 1) 引导定语从句 2) 必在从句中作某个句子成份（可以做主语，宾语，表语，定语，状语） 常用的关系代词: that、 which、 who、whom、whose、as 、but (文语, 置于否定词之后=that/who…not…, 没有……不……, 在从句中作主语，宾语) 常用的关系副词（在从句中只作状语）: when、why、 where The student who answered the question was John. I know the reason why he was so angry. The boy (whom) you are talking to is my brother. Id like a room whose window looks out over the sea. 定语从句三步：【分析的成分：1谓语动词（vt+宾；vi不缺宾）2被动语态不缺宾语】 第一找出先行词； 第二看先行词在定语从句中的语法功能（做主语、宾语或状语）； 第三选择合适的关系词。 关系词 可指代 在定语从句中所作的成分 关系代词 that 人或物 主，宾，表 which 物 主，宾，表，定 who 人 主，宾 whom 人 宾 whose 人或物 定 as 主，宾，表 关系副词 when 时间 状 where 地点 状 why 原因 状 Ⅱ. 几个关系代词的基本用法： ●that: 可指人或物；在定语从句中作主语，宾语，表语。(指人时，相当于who或 whom；指物时，相当于which)(一般不用于非限制性定语从句; 不可置于介词后作宾语) 如： 1. A letter that/which is written in pencil is difficult to read. (主语) 2. Do you know the gentleman that/who spoke just now? 3. You can take anything ( that) you like. （宾语） 4. What is the question (that/which) they are talking about? 5. Here is the man ( who/whom/that ) you want to see. 6. Shes no longer the girl ( that) she used to be before.（表语） 7. Our hometown is no longer the one (that) it used to be. = Our hometown is not the same as it used to be. = Our hometown is different from what it used to be。 = Our hometown is not what it used to be. ●which: 指物；在定语从句中作主语，宾语，表语，定语。如： 1. The book which/that was on the desk was bought by my father.（主语） 2. The book (which/that) I bought yesterday is very interesting.（宾语） 3. The factory in which his father works is far from here. 4. He was proud, which his brother never was. （表语） 5. Tom spent four years in college, during which time he learned French.（定语） 6. He may be late, in which case we ought to wait for him. 只能用that ：1、先行词为不定代词anything，anybody，everything，everybody，little，much，any，all所修饰 2、先行词有形容词最高级或序数词修饰 3、被the only，the very，the last修饰