重庆市外伤病人承诺书(涪陵中心医院)课件.pptVIP

五 现在完成时和一般过去时的区别： 现在完成时: 强调这一动作产生的结果对现在的影响或结果，与现在有关。 一般过去时: 仅表示在过去某一时刻曾发生过这一动作，与现在无关。 他已学英语五年了。 He has studied English for five years. 他曾学过五年英语。 He studied English for five years. （说明他还会继续学下去） （只说明他过去学过五年英语，但现在不学了。） I’ve lived here for ten years. 我在这里住了10年。(现在仍住这儿) I lived here for ten years. 我在这里住过10年。(现在不住这儿了) He has bought a house. 他买了一栋房子。(现在已拥有这房子) He bought a house ten years ago. 他10年前买了一栋房子。(现在是否仍拥有这房子不清楚) 一般过去时与现在完成时有一些明显的时间状语。 遇到yesterday, Last year, in May, in+过去某一年，two days ago, the other day, just now等就用一般过去时 (表过去的时间) 当有 so far, in/during/over the past/ last few days(在过去/最近的几年里)，since接过去时间状语或过去时的句子等常用现在完成时 (不能与确定的时间) ? 2. 表示一个从过去开始，一直持续到现在的动作或状态。 通常和for或since引导的时间状语连用。注意：动词延续性 （1）for + I have been here for 5 weeks. He’s studied English for 3 years. She has worked for 10 hours. 一段时间 （2）since + ? ? (过去的)时间点 I have been here since 2000. He has worked as a lawyer since 5 years ago? They’ve lived in CQ since they married in 2000. 注1)：since 也可单独使用, 表示“自那时起”；另外since前也可加上ever，以加强语气。 I have been here (ever) since then. 注2)：对for或since引导的时间状语提问用how long I have lived here for 10 years. ? How long have you lived here? She has stood here since 2 hour ago. ?How long has she stood here? 注3)：短暂性动词不能和for或since引导的时间状语连用，也不能用于how long问句中。 （误）I have left for 5 years. (正)I have been away for 5 years. ※短暂性动词与延续动词间的转换 短暂性(短动词)动词不能和表示一段时间的时间状语连用,但是他可以转换成相应的延续性(长动词)动词. leave-- come/go (to) -- arrive (at/in)-- get (to)-- reach-- buy-- borrow-- finish-- join-- start/begin-- die-- close-- open-- return-- marry-- become-- be away (from) be (in/at) be (in/at) be (in/at) be (in/at) have keep be over be in/be a/an… be on be dead be closed be open be back be married be She has bought the computer for two years. had buy have/has had How long have you come to the United States？ been in come to have/has been in buy have/has had Ann has gone to China since three months ago. been in come to have/has been in buy have/has had