计算机网络与互联网(英语)chap8课件.pptVIP

CS 422 - Part 4 Spring 2001 Chapter 8 LAN Technologies and Network Topology Content Describes: the concepts underlying local network technologies why networks that use sharing have become popular basic network topologies Star , Ring , Bus examples of both popular and historic local network technologies Ethernet , LocalTalk , IBM Token Ring , FDDI , ATM Classification Terminology Network technologies classified into three broad categories Local Area Network (LAN) Metropolitan Area Network (MAN) Wide Area Network (WAN) LAN and WAN most widely deployed Key Features of a LAN High throughput Relatively low cost Limited to short distance Often rely on shared media Direct point-to-point Communication Computers connected by communication channels that each connect exactly two computers Known as Point-to-Point or Mesh Networks Point-to-Point Advantages Because each connect is independent, appropriate hardware can be used Because of exclusive access, the computers can decide how to format the message is to be sent Because only two computers are involve security and privacy is simplified Point to Point Disadvantages It requires a dedicated connection for each pair of computers: The number of connections passing between two locations can exceed the total number of computers being connected Direct Point to PointCalculating Required Lines Shared Communications Channels In the 1960s and early 1970s researchers developed the Local Area Network (LAN) which utilized a single shared medium to attach many computers Networks that allow multiple computers to share a communications medium are used for local communications. Point to point connections are used for long-distance network and a few other special cases Significance of LANs Local Area Networks technology have become the most popular form of computer networks. LANs now connect more computer than any other type of network Topology Mathematical term Roughly interpreted as “geometry for curved surfaces” Network Topology S