毕业设计-电子抢答器.docVIP

南通航运职业技术学院 毕业设计（论文） 班级 电气3082 专业 机电一体化 题目 电子抢答器 学生姓名 指导教师 年 月 日 摘要 对于抢答器来说是我们在各项知识竞赛中必不可少的一项使用工具，从中我们学到了很多知识，掌握了很多本领，了解了很多的基本常识。 抢答器电路设计方案很多，有用专用芯片设计的、有用复杂可编程逻辑电路设计的、有用单片机设计制作的、也有用可编程控制器完成的，但由于专用电路芯片通常是厂家特殊设计开发的，一般不易买到或价格较高，用其它方式设计的需要设计者具有相应的理论知识，并要通过仿真器、应用软件、计算机等辅助设备才能验证完成，不利于设计者的设计和制作。 而有些实际竞赛的场合，只要满足显示抢答有效和有效组别即可，故我打算不用所给的参考电路，而用一片74LS373（8位的数据锁存器）来实现此简易抢答器的功能。这是一个显示方式简单、价格低廉、经济实用的抢答器。在要求不高的场合，能完全符合需要。 当抢答器接通电源后，主持人将开关FW拨到清零状态，抢答器处于禁止状态，编号显示器灭灯，定时器显示设定时间；主持人将开关置;开始状态，宣布开始抢答器工作。定时器开始倒计时。选手在规定的30s定时时间内抢答时，抢答器完成：优先判断、编号显示、扬声器提示,倒计时显示。当一轮抢答之后，定时器停止、禁止二次抢答、定时器显示剩余时间。如果再次抢答必须由主持人再次操作清除和开始状态开关。 关键词：抢答器;8D锁存器；禁止二次抢答 目 录 摘 要·····································································2 第一章 锁存器·······················································4 1.1锁存器的结构·············································4 1.2锁存器的种类及区别·······································4 1.3锁存器的特点·············································5 1.4锁存器的应用·············································5 第二章 电子抢答器·····················································7 2.1抢答器的类型·············································7 2.1.1电子抢答器···········································7 2.1.2电脑抢答器···········································7 2.2抢答器的功能要求·········································7 2.2抢答器的应用·············································7 第三章8D锁存器制作多路抢答器·····································9 3.1电路结构·················································9 3.2电路工作原理············································10 3.3电路元器件的选择及参数··································10 3.4器件的工作原理··········································11 3.4.1 74LS373 ···········································11 3.4.2 发光二极管········································12 3.4.3 半导体三极管······································12 3.4常