单片机可逆直流调速数字控制系统设计论文.doc

摘　　要 在高度现代化的今天，现代电力电子技术、计算机技术、现代控制理论的发展，促进了直流调速技术的进步，使之成为目前活跃的调速技术。长期以来，直流电动机因其具有调节转速灵活、方法简单、控制性能好等特点，应用在越来越广的领域中。 近年来由于微型机的快速发展，国外交直流系统数字化已经达到实用阶段。由于以微处理器为核心的数字控制系统硬件电路的标准化程度高，制作成本低，且不受器件温度漂移的影响。其控制软件能够进行逻辑判断和复杂运算，可以实现不同于一般线性调节的最优化、自适应、非线性、智能化等控制规律。所以微机数字控制系统在各个方面的性能都远远优于模拟控制系统且应用越来越广泛。?提出一种逻辑无环流可逆调速系统的设计方法。利用单片机的硬件资源与软件程序相结合，完成数字脉冲触发、数字逻辑切换及数字反馈等方面的控制功能，实现对直流电动机的可逆调速控制，提高可逆调速系统的精度和控制性能。用单片机取代模拟触发器、电流调节器、速度调节器及逻辑切换等硬件设备。最后进行软件编程、调试以及计算机仿真。实时控制结果表明，本数字化直流调速系统实现了电流和转速双闭环的恒速调节，并具有结构简单，控制精度高，成本低，易推广等特点，而且各项性能指标优于模拟直流调速系统，从而能够实际的应用到生产生活中，满足现代化生产的需要。单片机双闭环直流调速系统Abstract At a height of the modernization of today，the development of modern power electronics, computer and modern control theory promotes the progress of DC speed regulation technology. For a long time, DC motor has made them to be used in many areas because of its neatly adjust, easy method and its control performance is very good. As the fast development of microcomputer, AC/DC speed control system for digitization has reached the applied stage overseas. Since the hardware circuit of digital control system centered by microprocessor possesses the advantages that it has higher standardization and lower cost, and it doesn’t be influenced by temperature drift of devices. Furthermore, the control software of digital control system can carry through logical judgment and sophisticated operation, and it has the control laws of optimality, adaptive trait, nonlinear and intelligence, which are different from the ordinary linear adjustability. In every aspects the function of digital control system has exceeded analog control system and is being used widely. ?A design method of logic non-loop-current SR system is proposed in this paper.Combing the SCM hardware resources with the software process，the system design completes the control functions such as digital impulse spring，digital logical switch and digital feedback，achieves a reversible adjustable-speed regulating control of DC electromotor，and improves the precis