混合储能系统在公交车上应用.docVIP

混合储能系统在公交车上的应用 摘 要 电能是人类生活中最重要的能源。随着国民经济的发展，人民生活水平不断提高，电力用户对电能质量提出了更高要求。在提高电能质量方面，储能元件正发挥着越来越大的作用。本文中对超级电容器储能技术进行了研究。超级电容器是一种新型储能元件，有储电能力高，功率密度大的优点，可以快速充放电，而且寿命长，是高效实用的储能元件。文中对电能质量问题的现状和超级电容器储能系统进行了介绍，分析了超级电容器储能系统的工作原理，建立了储能系统的数学模型并对控制器进行了设计，在此基础上对系统电路进行了硬件设计，并进行了仿真分析。 根据超级电容器的应用实例，本文设计了基于混合型超级电容器的电动车混合动力电源系统，以提高动力电源的输出特性，实现能量的优化匹配。为超级电容器在电动车中的应用进行了初步地探索。 关键词：混合储能系统，超级电容器，蓄电池，仿真 MIX STORED ENERGY SYSTEM’S ON PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION APPLICATION ABSTRACT Power is the most important resource in our daily life. Higher power quality has been requested by commercial and industrial customers with the rapid development of economics and technology. Power storage equipments play a very important role in improving the power quality. Super capacitor is a new power storage quipment with the advantages of high power capacity, high energy density, rapid charging and discharging process, and virtually unlimited cycle life. The power storage technique in super capacitors was studied in this paper. Power quality and super capacitor devices were illustrated. The operating principle of super capacitors was investigated and amahematical model was established to design the controllers. Every piece of hardware and software in the system circuit was installed, and simulation experiments were performed. As an example of the application for super capacitors,we design a battery super capacitor hybrid power sources so as to achieve optimal power performance of the power source ,it is necessary to explore the application of super capacitor on electric vehicle. KEY WORDS：hybrid energy storage, per capacitor，MPPT，simulation 摘 要 I ABSTRACT II 第一章 混合储能系统的应用市场发展现状与趋势 1 1.1混合动力汽市场发展现状及趋势 1 1.1.1混合动力汽市场发展现状 1 1.1.2混合动力汽车发展趋势 3 1.2 复合电源的技术及优势 4 1.2.1复合电源的优势 4 1.2.2超级电容器的技术发展 5 1.2.3复合电源研究的意义 8 第二章 电源特性介绍及复合电源建模 9 2.1 蓄电池特性及影响因素 9 2.1.1蓄电池的充放电特性 9 2.1.2蓄电池的温度特性 10 2.1.3混合动力车用蓄电池的选择 10 2.1.4蓄电池的容量特性 12 2.2超级电容器特性及影响因素 12 2.2.1超级电容器的分类 12 2.2.2超级电容主要参数 15 2.2.3超级电容模型 16 2.2.4超级电容的充放电特性 18 2.2.5超