对THO问题解决.docVIP

PAGE 对THOG问题解决的促进效应的研究 摘 要： 通过选取经典的THOG问题作为实验材料，探讨大学生解决具体以及抽象选言推理问题的认知机制；实验1主要从文理科学生和呈现抽象以及具体thog问题的顺序来探寻大学生解决THOG的差异。实验2则主要是从是否给予被试元认知提示来分析大学生解决THOG问题的认知机制及其可能的困难所在。 两个实验选取了总共162名被试，实验结果如下：实验一结果表明具体的THOG问题的解决对于被试解决抽象的THOG问题不存在显著性促进效应。但文理科学生对于THOG问题解决的正确率差异明显。实验二中实验结果表明，元认知提示语句对于被试的THOG问题的解决没有显著性影响。 关 键 词：THOG问题 “逃犯问题” 选言推理 文理科学生 元认知提示 内容类别 Abstract：Discuss the cognition mechanism of the solution to the abstract and concrete exclusive disjunctive syllogism problem for college student by choosing the primary THOG problem as the experimental materials. Experiment 1 to examine the diversity to the college students how to work out THOG problem by choose Science and Arts classification and the order of the appearance of the abstract and concrete THOG problem as independent variable. Experiment 2 by choosing whether give the testee the meta-cognition instruction or not as the independent variable to further analyze the cognition machanism to solve THOG for college students . Tow experiments choose 162 testees whole. The result of the experiment as follow: experiment 1 shows the solution to concrete THOG can not facilitate probability of the solution to the abstract THOG .But the Science and Arts student have the significant difference to the solution to the THOG problem .The result of the experiment 2 shows meta-cognition instruction have no significant difference to the solution of the THOG problem. Keyword ： THOG problem“fugitive problem” exclusive disjunctive syllogism Science and Arts student meta-cognition instruction content classification 目录 1引言1 1.1 问题的提出1 1.2 研究的现状2 1.2.1纽斯特和格里格斯等人的研究2 1.2.2吉罗特等人的研究4 1.2.3国内研究4 1.3假设的提出及其意义5 2 研究方法5 2.1实验一5 2.1.1实验设计 5 2.1.2实验材料5 2.1.3 被试6 2.1.4实验程序6 2.1.5实验结果6 2.2实验二7 2.2.1实验设计7 2.2.2实验材料7 2.2.3 被试7 2.2.4实验程序7 2.2.5实验结果8 3结果分析8 3.1对实验一的结果分析8 3.2对实验二的结果分析9 4讨论11 4.1对实验一的讨论11 4.2对实验二的讨论13 5 小结14 参考文献14 致 谢16 附 录17 PAGE 21 PAGE 1 1.引言 1.1 问题的提出 THOG问题是英国心理学家Wason于1977年首次用排斥