中西文化差异及其在句法结构上的体现.PPT

Conclusion 结论 Western culture is comparatively linear. Chinese culture is relatively circular. 西方文化 相对以线性为特征 中国文化 相对以环性为特征 Chinese: topic-prominent sentence structure and wave-like moving of the sentence English: tree-type sentence structure with different parts connected like branches and sub-branches to the trunk line Linguistic expression  语言表达 Linear branch-like connection and circular wave-like moving 线枝环波 西语的线性特点表现为句子结构以直线枝形铺排，由主到次，递相迭加，犹如枝繁叶茂的大树。 汉语的环性特点体现在语句以环状波式流动，浪花无律，形散意合，好似波涛滚滚的大江。 THANK YOU FOR YOUR LISTENING! * * Differences between Chinese and Western Cultures and Their Embodiment in Sentence Structure 张恒 中西文化差异及其在句法结构上的体现 Lead-in: Lead-in: What is the difference between Chinese culture and Western culture? 在中西两种文化中 有什么不同呢？ Linear division and circular enclosure （线分环合） Western: one dividing into two (一分为二) Chinese: two combining into one (合二为一) Opposites: Western: independence and opposition Chinese: interdependence and integration 西方文化呈线性，人与自然、凡与神均一分为二，界线分明，强调二元的并存与对立； 中国文化呈环性，人与自然、凡与神均合二为一，环抱涵容，注重二元的依存和统一。 Linear dividing philosophy Thales, the first Greek philosopher 泰勒斯—古希腊第一位哲学家 Element Vs. Soul (元素与灵魂） Heracleitus, one of the founders of dialectics 赫拉克利特—辩证法的奠基人 Material Vs. Spirit （物质与精神） West: linear division Scientist: Archemedes 阿基米德, （ 287~212 BC ） Give me but one firm spot on which to stand, and I will move the earth. 只要给我一个稳固的立足点，我就能移动地球。 Tao gave birth to the One; the One gave birth successively to two things, three things, up to ten thousand. These ten thousand creatures cannot turn their backs to the shade (Yin) without having the sun (Yang) on their bellies, and it is this blending of the breaths (Yin and Yang) that their harmony depends. Translated by Arthur Waley 老子：道生一，一生二，二生三，三生万物。万物负阴而抱阳,冲气以为和。 《道德经》第42章 Lao Tzu （571- 471 BC) 天地与我并生，而万物与我为一。 Heaven and earth co-exist with me, and I am identified with everything