生长肥育猪的蛋白质与氨基酸营养课件.ppt

Protein and Amino Acid Nutrition of Growing and Finishing Pigs生长肥育猪的蛋白质与氨基酸营养 Robert A. Easter, Ph.D. Professor of Swine Nutrition Dean, College of Agricultural, Consumer and Environmental Sciences University of Illinois Introductory Facts: Proteins are made up of amino acids 蛋白质由氨基酸组成 Amino acids are either essential (must be present in the diet) or nonessential (can be made by the animal). 氨基酸分为必需（日粮中必须有） 和非必需（动物可自体合成） The 10 essential amino acids are 十种必需氨基酸是: - Lysine 赖氨酸 - Leucine 亮氨酸 - Tryptophan 色氨酸 - Isoleucine 异亮氨酸 - Methionine 蛋氨酸 - Histidine 组氨酸 - Threonine 苏氨酸 - Phenylalanine 苯丙氨酸 - Valine 缬氨酸 - Arginine 精氨酸 Introductory Facts: Pigs do not require protein per se but rather the amino acids that make up protein 猪本身不需要蛋白质，而是需要组成蛋白质的氨基酸 Amino acids in the diet are provided by protein-containing feeds (corn, soybean meal, sorghum, fish meal etc) 日粮中的氨基酸由含蛋白质的饲料组分(如玉米,豆粕,高粱,鱼粉等)提供 Amino acid progression: Typical Grower Diet 典型生长猪日粮 The value of a protein source is dependent on its capacity to contribute digestible amino acids to the animal. The Chemical Score is a simple approach to assessing value蛋白质来源的价值取决于为动物提供可消化氨基酸的能力，化学评分是评定蛋白价值的简单方法 The performance of an animal can be no greater than that made possible by the amino acid in least supply. This is commonly called the first limiting amino acid最少量被提供的氨基酸制约了动物的生产性能，这种氨基酸通常称作第一限制性氨基酸 Protein Synthesis Limiting Amino Acids in Some Common Feedstuffs 一些饲料原料中的限制性氨基酸 Comparison of Amino Acid Sources(Lysine as a percent of total protein)氨基酸来源的比较（赖氨酸占总蛋白质的百分比） Estimation of Limiting Amino Acids from Growth Data(A hypothetical example)由生长性能数据估计限制性氨基酸 Amino Acid Balance 氨基酸平衡 Amino acid balance refers to the proportional relationships among the amino acids 氨基酸平衡指氨基酸之间的比例关系 An amino acid imbalance reduces feed intake and growth rate. 氨基酸不平衡导致饲料采食量和生长速度下降 Performance of Chicks Fed Diets Formulated to a Lysine Requirement with Either an Imbalanced Protein or Crystalline Lysine饲喂蛋白质不平衡