数据流体系结构-孙志岗.PPT

? sun@ 软件体系结构3. 数据流体系结构Data Flow Architectures 孙志岗 sun@ Styles -Moving from Qualities toArchitectures Architectural styles help software engineers to reason about architectural qualities. 体系结构风格帮助软件工程师 推断软件体系结构的质量 Styles -Moving from Qualities toArchitectures A style describes a class of architectures描述一类体系结构 is found repeatedly in practice在实践中被多次设计、应用 is a package of design decisions是若干设计思想的综合 has known properties that permit reuse具有已经被熟知的特性，并且可以复用 Architectural Styles A style is determined (described) by a set of component types (e.g., data repository, process, object)一组组件类型（例如：数据容器，过程，对象） a set of connector types/interaction mechanisms (e.g., subroutine call, event, pipe)一组连接件类型/交互机制（例如：过程调用，事件，管道） a topological layout of these components这些组件的拓扑分布 Architectural Styles A style is determined (described) by a set of constraints on topology and behavior (e.g., a data repository is not allowed to change stored values, pipelines are acyclic)一组对拓扑和行为的约束（例如：数据容器不能自己改变数据，管道不能是循环的 an informal description of the costs and benefits of the style, e.g.: “Use the pipe and filter style when reuse is desired and performance is not a top priority一些对风格的成本和益处的非正式的描述，例如：如果你需要重用性并且性能不是很重要，那么可以使用管道风格 Architectural Styles Garlan and Shaw compiled a catalog of architectural styles in 1995. Others, such as Buschmann, have augmented this. There is no complete list. 没有完备的列表 There is no unique, non-overlapping list. 没有无重叠的列表 Styles overlap. 风格是彼此重叠的 Systems exhibit multiple styles at once. 一个系统通常表现出多种风格 Types of Architectural Styles Notes about Architectural Styles When we introduce a new style, we will typically first examine its “pure” form. pure architectural style are rarely found in practice纯粹的体系风格在实际中很难遇到 systems in practice regularly deviate from the academic definitions of these systems. 循规蹈矩地背离了对这些系统的学术定义 typically feature many architectural styles simultaneously典型地，融合很多体系风格的特色 as an architect you must understand the “pure” styles to understand the strength a