高考英语语法教学摘要和练习 第2章 英语动词的分类.pptxVIP

高考英语第一轮复习资料语法教学摘要及练习;第2章 动词的分类; 2.1 谓语动词和非谓语动词 依据是否充当谓语动词，一个句子中的动词可以分为谓语动词和非谓语动词。 在第1章1.3中，我们知道谓语动词一定具备两个特征： 一有主语，并与主语在人称和数上保持一致；二有时态和语态的形式。它是一个句子和一个从句必不可少的部分。 例如：He knows me，John came yesterday afternoon. ;例如：He is a businessman knowing many politicians．他是一个认识很多政客的商人。 knowing用作动词带宾语many politicians，同时又起形容词作用，修饰 businessman这个名词。 又如：He wants to go to the market. 他想去市场。 to go是动词，带状语to the market，又起名词作用，作及物动词wants的宾语。 再如：Coming up to her，he bowed politely.他来到她跟前，礼貌地鞠躬。 coming起副词的作用，修饰动词 bowed。;另外，一个句子或分句一般只需一个谓语动词（除非有由连词连接的更多个谓语动词）。 如：He got up, brushed teeth and washed his hands and face. 而非谓语动词可以不要，也可以有许多。 如在He asked me to teach him how to operate the new mobilephone bought yesterday.中有一个谓语动词，三个非谓语动词。 又如在 He denies having asked her to run away from her family.中有一个谓语动词和两个非谓语动词。 ;;练习1 根据以上表格完成16种时态的名称：;【注】 主动词包括连系动词和实义动词。实义动词又分及物动词和不及物动词。 情态动词也是助动词，因它的特殊性，我们以后讨论。 这里着重讨论5个基本助动词：be, have, do,will,shall. 在16种时态中，一般现在时和一般过去时这两种时态的谓语动词在肯定句中，没有助动词，只有主动词；其它时态都有一到三个助动词。;1. I will have the soup. （ ） 2. Police are investigating the incident. （ ） 3. It is very peaceful here. （ ） 4. Where does your brother work? （ ） 5. They have decided to advertise your job. （ ） 6. He does his homework on the way to school. （ ） 7. She had had her supper when I called her. （ ） ;2.3 助动词的作用 这里讲它的四个主要作用: 即帮助构成时态、否定、疑问和被动语态。;① 有助动词时，在第??个助动词的后面加not,其它动词不变。 ② 一般现在时和一般过去时行为动词的主动语态的肯定句没有助动词，我们可以分别在它们的主谓之间加do not/does not 和did not，再把主动词改为动词原形。 注：如果这两种时态有be动词的一种形式，如: He is a clever boy. She was a nice girl. 在其be动词后加not即可。 ;1.I watch TV. → 2.We have been playing football. → 3.It is boring. → 4.She cleans her room. → 5.Sandy has taken nice photos today. → 6.He buys a new CD. → 7.She has a cat. → 8.They collected postcards. →;9.They were jumping high. → 10.Albert had left two days before. → Albert had not left two days before. 11.The teacher tested our English. → The teacher did not test our English. 12.Fiona will visit her grandma. → Fiona