中华院感-20071705.docVIP

重症监护病房职业安全存在的危险及对策 张豫芳1 ，吕晓玲2 ， 夏秋江2 ， 李爱萍2 （1.三峡大学医院，湖北 宜昌 443000；2.宜昌市第一人民医院，湖北 宜昌 443000） 摘要：目的 探讨重症监护病房（ICU）职业安全存在的危险因素、防护措施和应急预案。方法 完善防护制度，严格执行操作规程；使用安全保护产品，防治锐器伤；操作时实施屏障性防护措施；防止交叉感染，规范接触患者及操作后洗手的原则；保持环境空气清新，严格执行终末消毒；注意工作人员私有物品的消毒、减轻ICU工作人员的劳动强度和增强自身抵抗力。结果 严格执行安全防护措施，避免职业伤害，保证工作安全。结论 充分认识ICU职业安全存在的危险因素，树立安全管理理念，增强自身的防护意识，是保证工作中自身安全的前提，完善并严格执行安全防护措施，是避免职业伤害，保证职业安全的有效方法。 关键词：重症监护病房；职业安全；防护 中图分类号：R197.32 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1005-4529(2007)05-0576-03 Risk in ICU and Its Strategies for Professional Safety ZHANG Yu-fang*，LV Xiao-ling，XIA Qiu-jiang，LI Ai-ping (* China Three Gorges University Hospital，Yichang，Hubei 443000，China) Abstract：OBJECTIVE to explore the professional risk factors existed in the ICU and their protecting measures and emergent treatment schemes. METHODS To consummate the protecting system，strictly operatin the process，using the safe protecting products，preventing from the infection of the wounded and injuredadapting the measures of segregation；preventing from the cross infection，carrying sternly out the measures of washing hands after operation；keeping the air clean and strictly implementing steps of antisepsis at the end；time disinfecting the staff’s individual articles，promoting the resistivity of the staff’s. RESULTS Strictly implementing the safety protecting measures， avoiding the professional harms，ensure the safety of the work. CONCLUSIONS Fully recognizing the factors of the risk，establishing the belief of management of and promoting the sense of self-protecting are the premise of self-protecting at work；consummating and strictly implementing the measures protection and sty are the effective approaches of avoiding professional harms and ensuring the security of the profession. Key words: ICU；Professional Safety；Protection 由于ICU工作的相对特殊性，1]。然而，由于实施侵入性检查、治疗和护理操作多，且存在执行屏障性防护措施不严格、不规范的问题，尤其是工作环境隔离，多为封闭式，易导致ICU医护人员感染性疾病的发生。 1 ICU职业安全存在的危险因素 1.1 心理因素 ICU危重患者多，病情易突变，实施抢救频繁，大脑长期处于紧张状态，且经常面对患者发生意外伤害及死亡；夜班紧张地工作，也易导致生物钟紊乱，工作量大，机器设备复杂，，2]。 1.2