书面表达1(new).doc

书面表达 说明文：现象解释型，问题解决型 议论文：对比选择型，观点论证型 应用文：书信，倡议书，通知，演说辞 记叙文 说明文 现象解释型：试题以提示性文字、图表或图画形式出现，所以称之为提纲式图表或文字命题，通常第一点要求指出一种现象，第二点要求分析这种现象产生的原因，第三点要求阐述这种现象可能产生的影响；行文结构要求：首先总述现象并描述其现状；然后分析这种现象的原因或相关因素；最后阐述自己对现象的看法或提出相关建议或希望。 问题解决型：试题以提示性文字、图表或图画形式出现，称之为提纲图表或文字命题；行文结构要求：首先引出要解决的问题及其严重性或解决的必要性；然后分析由此带来的危害或不良影响，或是简要分析产生的原因；此后提出解决问题的办法或措施；最后阐述自己对该问题的看法或是提出相关建议或希望。 1.1现象解释型写作模版： 提纲式图表命题： (1)描述图表总述现象 As can be indicated/ is revealed / is shown in the table, graph, chart, / According to the figure given in the table, / As the survey results show, / This chart shows that / It can be seen from the statistics that…. From …. to …, there is a slight / slow / steady / rapid / dramatic / abrupt rise / increase /decrease / drop in…. 从…年到….年，在…方面有了轻微/缓慢/稳定/快速/巨大/急剧的增加或减少 During … / ….later, / the demand / the income / population / price / production of …. has declined / decreased / fell / dropped rapidly / abruptly / markedly / sharply The figure has neatly doubled / tripled, as against that of last year. 与去年相比，这个数字几乎涨了两倍或三倍 The number is ….times as much as that of …. By comparison with ….., it increased / decreased / fell / from….to…. According to the figures given in the table, the number of ….has increased / risen / decreased / declined dramatically in the past few years. 正如图所示，近年来…的数量有了显著的增加/下降. From the chart we can see clearly that the number of ….has increased / decreased from …to…., and then to… An increasing number of ….would rather ….than…. During the period between …and …., the percentage / number of ….declined from…to…, while the percentage / number of ….rose from … to … This table provides several important points of comparison between …. 表格中显示了几个重要的对比点 The two graphs depict the same thing 两张图都表明…. (2)说明原因和结果 There are some / many / several good reasons / factors accounting for / leading to / contributing to / resulting in / bringing about / causing / deciding / influence the phenomenon / case / change. One of the main reasons for ….is that ….. For one thing,….. for another