高考完形填空专题解题指导和训练10法.docVIP

完形填空专题10法 1. 解题步骤 1）跳读首尾句，判断文体，预测主题。 一般来讲，高考完形填空的首、尾句是不挖空的，先跳读这两句 　 2）通读全文，把握大意。 做完形填空时要注意文章开头提示句的点题作用和短文中完整句的启示作用。 3）逐句细读，确定选项。 大致把握了全文的大意和作者的意图之后，就可以根据上下文，选取与文意最贴切的选项。此时，应遵循先易后难的原则，对有把握的选项“一锤定音”。对没有把握的选项不妨先放一放，接着往下看，往往会出现“柳暗花明”的情况。 4）再次阅读，复查答案。 复查时从意义和语法两个角度考虑，着眼于全篇。上述三步可概括为：一步粗读寻思路，二步细读选答案，三步复读纠错误一、首句概览法 完形填空的短文一般不给标题，且首句往往不设空，即首句是一个完整的句子。做题时，认真读懂这个句子，可以根据它判断出文章的大意或主题，这样有助于后面的填空，尤其是一些语境性较强的空格，需要结合文章的主题来判断。二、语境推测法 近几年高考英语完形填空题的最大特点是——重点考查语境。所谓语境，就是指文章的上下文，它包括文章语气的一致性、意思的连贯性、表述的合理性、论证的逻辑性等。所以考生在做题时，一定要从整体上把握文章内容，区分文章的结构层次和文章的内在逻辑关系，同时认真比较所给选项，并从中选最符合语境的答案。如： I would go to the pile of letters marked with “Funny” if we needed a chat, or to the “Disabled” box to find advice from people in wheelchairs or ______ in bed living happily and successfully. (江苏卷) A. much B. never C. even D. seldom Bob had just made a “motherhood contract(合同)”—declaring that for 70 days this summer he would 1 the care of their four children and all the housework. Although he didn’t even know how to make coffee when he signed, he was very confident…. After 40 of the 70 days, he was ready to give up. “ I was beaten down, “ admits Bob. “Not only is motherhood a 2 task, it is an impossible job for any normal human being.”…. 1. A. stick to B. set about C. think about D. take over 2. A. strange B. pleasant C. difficult D. serious 三、常识推断法 语境的判断在许多情况下需借助常识的判断，所以考生在做题时还应充分结合自己作为一名中学生所应该具备的常识进行合理推测。不过也请注意，作者用了but, however 之类的表示转折的词语，情况则可能完全相反，如人累了却不休息；车在转弯时，速度却偏要加快等。如： We feel ___1___ and fall asleep at night and become ___2___ and energetic during the day. (全国卷)1. A. dull B. tired C. dreamy D. peaceful 2. A. regular B. excited C. lively D. clear ● But we ran so much that, afterwards, we had trouble . A. speaking B. sleeping C. breathing D. moving 四、根据语篇标志语篇标志是指能表明各个句群或段落之间的内在联系的词语。如表示结构层次的语篇标志有firstly, secondly, thirdly, finally等；表示逻辑关系的词语有therefore, so, thus, but, however等；表示递进关系的词语有even, besides, what’s more等；表示时间关系的词语有before,