_Personality Disorder Northern Kentucky University多重人格障碍北肯塔基大学课件.ppt

Multiple Personality Disorder Some Background Multiple personality disorder is more formally known as “dissociative identity disorder” MPD is one of a group of disorders in DSM-IV-TR called the “dissociative disorders” Dissociation Alterations or detachments in consciousness or identity May include derealization feeling detached from one’s surroundings May include depersonalization feeling detached from oneself Dissociation (continued) Most likely to happen after an extremely stressful event, when very tired, or when under significant physical or mental pressure students who stay up all night cramming for exams journalists who witnessed execution People probably differ in ability to dissociate When dissociation results in distress or impairment, we consider it to be pathological Other Dissociative Disorders Dissociative Amnesia One or more episodes of inability to recall important personal information, usually of a traumatic nature, that is too extensive to be explained by ordinary forgetfulness Can be Generalized Localized (selective) Other Dissociative Disorders (continued) Dissociative Fugue DSM-IV-TR criteria include Sudden, unexpected travel away from home or one’s place of work, with inability to recall one’s past Confusion about identity or assumption of new identity person leaves home and later finds himself in a new place, unable to remember how or why he got there fugue state usually ends abruptly, person returns home, and is able to recall most (if not all) of what happened Dissociative Identity Disorder (aka MPD) Presence of 2 or more distinct identities or personality states Each with its own relatively enduring pattern of perceiving, relating to, and thinking about the environment and oneself At least 2 of these identities or personality states recurrently take control of person’s behavior Inability to recall important personal information that is too extensive to be explained by ordinary forgetfulness Not due to direct effects of a substance or gene