人地基本需求得到满足后才会追求更上一层地需求(meta.pptVIP

Humanistic Psychology 2007.04.03 THEORY IN HUMANISTIC PSYCHOLOGY INDIVIDUAL AND GROUP WORK COUNSELLING THE PERSON-CENTRED APPROACH GESTALT THERAPY TRANSACTIONAL ANALYSIS BODY WORK PRIMAL INTEGRATION TRANSPERSONAL PSYCHOLOGY ENCOUNTER FAMILY THERAPY OR COUNSELLING HUMANISTIC EDUCATION HUMANISTIC MANAGEMENT INDIVIDUAL AND GROUP WORK Awareness of the body Taking responsibility. The here and now. Feelings. Risk taking. . Listening. Bridging distances. Distress. Support and confrontation. Avoidance. The saver.. Humanistic psychology includes several approaches to counseling and therapy. Among the earliest approaches we find the developmental theory of Abraham Maslow, emphazising a hierarchy of needs and motivations; the existential psychology of Rollo May acknowledging human choice and the tragic aspects of human existence; and the person-centered or client-centered therapy of Carl Rogers, which is centered around the clients capacity for self-direction and understanding of his/her own development (Clay, 2002). Abraham Maslow, emphazising a hierarchy of needs and motivations; the existential psychology 人的基本需求得到滿足後才會追求更上一層的需求(meta needs). 成長需求包括:認知上及藝術上的驅力;因此成為全人則必須發揮意志力及努力及做出犧牲. 因此，知能、藝術化至真、善、美至自我實現—全人 自我實現的驅力 人本取向的醫療涵意 人本主義的醫療，則是以病人為中心的溝通方式，由醫療人員/研究人員/諮商員及互動分析醫療歷程；強調在於病人心理，以初層次同理心的了解-(個體情感上的成熟、以及自我概念等部分) 醫療者是必須表現審慎態度對病人，而具有同理心，經由溝通，促使病人重視其內在需求，經由敍說歷程，再一次對自我以及個人的思考發展出正面的抉擇輿確認。 * * Humanistic psychology Abraham Maslow Rollo May Carl Rogers Maslow hierarchy of needs Whole Person 生理 需 求 安全 需求 愛 歸屬 感的 需求 自尊 的 需求 衍生 需求 自我 實現 自我實現 審美 知讚 自尊需求 能力、認可、尊重 歸居感與受的需求 歸享感、接納、情感 安全需求 生理需求 是一種過程而非一種狀態 也就是自我探討與發展;以及自我的成就.