肿瘤的生物学特性ppt课件.pptVIP

transient adhesive interactions by cells with endothelial selectins(rolling), and firmly anchored on (firm adhesion) to enable entry into the underlying tissue. The selectins, particularly E-selectin, are recognized to mediate adhesion and thus potentiate of certain cancers 肿瘤细胞扩散的过程机制 细胞黏附与细胞黏附分子 Selectin family 肿瘤细胞扩散的过程机制 细胞黏附与细胞黏附分子 CD44 A transmembrane protein Essential for the homing and properties of leukemic Cells, CD44 has also been found to support anchorage- independent growth in vitro and tumor growth and in experimental models of solid cancers 肿瘤细胞扩散的过程机制 肿瘤细胞从原发灶分离的机制 肿瘤细胞表面黏附分子减少。 癌细胞钙含量降低 恶性肿瘤细胞间连接结构数量减少 肿瘤细胞表面电荷增加 肿瘤细胞向周围组织的浸润 细胞外基质的降解 瘤细胞的运动 趋化因子的作用 肿瘤血管生成 肿瘤血管生成 肿瘤细胞向周围组织的浸润 肿瘤血管生成 肿瘤组织中微血管的来源 瘤细胞生成的多种生长因子 诱导瘤体生成微血管 残存于流体的宿主血管逐渐 变为肿瘤血管 VEGF是迄今鉴定出来的 最重要的血管生成因子 Fig. 1 Switching on the angiogenic phenotype in tumors by genetic and epigenetic factors. Both malignant and nonmalignant cells produce multiple angiogenic factors and cytokines to induce tumor neovascularization. Endogenous angiogenesis inhibitors are down regulated to support the angiogenic phenotype 肿瘤细胞侵入血管和淋巴管 侵入血管和淋巴管 在循环中运行到达远处部位 Fig. 1.?Schematic diagram showing how production of VEGF-C and VEGF-C in tumors can induce lymphangiogenesis, leading to increased lymphatic vessel density in the vicinity of the tumor, and subsequently to metastasis of invasive tumor cells via the lymph vessels. ???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????Fig. 1.? 转移灶的形成和生长 肿瘤侵袭和转移相关基因 Nm23基因 NM23-H1 and NM23-H2 in human Nucleoside diphosphate kinases (NDPKs) catalyze the exchange of γ-phosphate between nucleoside (and 2′-deoxynucleoside) triphosphates and diphosphates with formation of a high-energy phosphohistidine intermediate (Parks and Agarwal 1973). They are encoded by the NME genes (also known as NM23). 参与调节细胞内微管系统的状态 高度表达nm23表现为低转移属性 肿瘤侵袭和转移相关基因 肿瘤转移相关基因 mtal 肿瘤侵袭和转移相关基因 Tiam1 基因 鼠T淋巴细胞瘤中克隆出来的