COMMUNITIES AND BIO-CULTURAL DIVERSITY IN CAMBODIA—OPTIONS FOR POLICIES AND ACTION WHOSE TIME HAS COME!.docVIP

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COMMUNITIES AND BIO-CULTURAL DIVERSITY IN CAMBODIA—OPTIONS FOR POLICIES AND ACTION WHOSE TIME HAS COME!.doc

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COMMUNITIES AND BIO-CULTURAL DIVERSITY IN CAMBODIA—OPTIONS FOR POLICIES AND ACTION WHOSE TIME HAS COME!

Communities and bio-cultural diversity in Cambodia— options for policies and action whose time has come! Grazia Borrini-Feyerabend and Jeremy Ironside Report for IUCN/CEESP February 9, 2010 Executive summary This paper is concerned with the bio-cultural patrimonies of Cambodia that still are, or would benefit being, under the governance and care of the indigenous peoples and local communities customarily associated with them. Such patrimonies – internationally referred to as “Indigenous Territories and Areas conserved by Indigenous Peoples and Local Communities”, in short, ICCAs – are recognised by the Convention on Biological Diversity, which recommends their support. National recognition to respond to the CBD and other UN obligations has to follow suit, but it is often hampered by difficulties related to policy and legislation, and problems related to implementation and practice. The situation in Cambodia is no exception, although the brief survey and analysis carried out in November 2009 and summarised in this paper points at some reasons for hope and clear paths for action. Security of land and resource tenure combined with respect for customary institutions and well thought-out forms of support responding to the specificities of the context are the ground on which the effective engagement of local residents in conservation can and should be developed. In close consultation with Cambodian professionals, we have visited and analysed a number of ICCA cases in Cambodia and identified a few policy options that appear feasible and potentially effective for their official recognition and support. This paper describes the ICCA cases we visited, their unique situations and the wishes expressed by their concerned communities. We then introduce the mentioned options for the official recognition of ICCAs in Cambodia, which are either already fully available under current legislation and rules, or could be made available through relatively minor modifications. T