后颅窝静脉脊髓血管课件.pptVIP

SPINAL ARTERIES Spinal arteries are divided into 3 main groups: The first goup: It consists of the vertebral artery, ascending cervical artery, deep cervical artery and the first intercostal artery ,which all arise from the subclavian artery. The second group: It is from the intercostal and lumbar arteries of aorta The third group: from the iliolumbar artery, middle sacral artery and lateral sacral artery of the internal iliac artery. 1. The first group It consists of the vertebral artery, ascending cervical artery, deep cervical artery and the first intercostal artery which all arise from the subclavian artery. The main branches from the subclavian artery from medial to lateral are: vertebral artery, internal thoracic artery, thyrocervical trunk, costocervical trunk, all except the internal thoracic artery supply the spinal cord and vertebrae. 1.1 The thyro-cervical trunk It is a short segment, which divides into several branches immediately after arising from the medial margin of the anterior scalenus, which include: 1). Inferior thyroid artery: It runs supero-medially to supply the inferior pole of the lateral lobe of the thyroid and the superior part of the oesophagus and pharynx. 2). Suprascapular artery: It supplies the supraspinatus and the infraspinatus and the scapula. 3). Ascending cervical artery: It may arise together with the inferior thyroid artery, it runs superiorly to supply the cervical muscles and mostly involves in the blood supply of the spinal cord and dura. 1.2 Costocervical trunk It is also short and has important branches including the deep cervical artery and the first intercostal artery, both of which supply the cervical spinal cord. The vertebral artery, thyro-cervical trunk and the costocervical trunk should not be neglected in spinal angiography. 2. The second group It is from the intercostal and lumbar arteries of aorta. Intercostal Artery The aorta usually gives 7-11 pairs of intercostal arteries, the left side ones usua