Convection a - Density Current对流A的电流密度.pptVIP

DENSITY CURRENT(cold pool) 1. Definition 2. Example of a density current (DC): Radar animation of a squall line Signature at the surface 3. Structure of a DC: Without shear With shear Spatial extension Propagation 4. Combination of DCs: Merging 5. Conclusion DENSITY CURRENT DENSITY CURRENT Signature of a DC at the surface SQUALL LINE PASSAGE RADAR ANIMATION10 dec. 2000 -- 1230 to 1530 UTC SQUALL LINE PASSAGE OVER THE AISNE DEPARTEMENT SAINT-QUENTIN10 Dec. 2000 STRUCTURE AND IMPACTOF A DENSITY CURRENT Without wind shear STRUCTURE WITH WIND SHEAR STRUCTURE OF ADENSITY CURRENT PROPAGATION SPEED OF A DENSITY CURRENT The propagation of a density current is given by a Bernoulli equation: h: depth of the density current Dqv: mean difference of potential virtual temperature between the DC and the environment ql+qs: loading term by liquid and solid hydrometeors Numerical example: Dqv = -3°C at the surface. We assume a linear vertical profile of qv h = 1 km C*=10m/s COMBINATION OF DENSITY COURANTS (MERGING) CONCLUSION The density current is an air mass of higher density spreading at the surface. It is fed by the downdrafts of the storm. Occurrence of dry air in the mid troposphere favors downdrafts. Rain evaporation in this dry air feeds the DC and intensifies it. Without vertical wind shear, the DC spreading at surface is isotropic. ? convection is not well organized and weak With vertical wind shear, the DC spreads downward the shear ? convection is well structured and intense ? new cells appear downward the shear along a gust front. DOWNWARD MOTIONS:SUBSIDENCES Definition Different types of subsidence: Subsidence at Large Scales Subsidence at Small Scales Intensity of downdrafts The DCAPE parameter 4. Conclusion DOWNWARD MOTIONS: SUBSIDENCES These play two important roles: 1) The compensation of upward motions To maintain the mass conservation 2) The feeding of DCs ? To